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study guide breast
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| why is SBE useful? | helps familiarize the normal feel and look of breast |
| 4 screening guidelines for breast CA | mammogram Q year after 40, clinical breast exam Q 3 years between 20-39, then Q yr, monthly breast exam starting @ 20, additional info and testing discussed w?HCP if @ risk |
| when teaching a pt about a BSE, it is important... | to allow time for a return demo |
| A dx tool that is accurate & advantageous in time & expense of malignant breast disorder is what? | stereotactic core BIOPSY |
| the nurse notes multiple bilateral lumps in a pts breast, best ? to ask is... | do size and tenderness change w/menstrual cycle |
| what do fibrocystic changes do? | make it more difficult to examine breasts |
| prepubescent gynomastia | almost always self-limiting & disappears, caused ny increased estrogen from 13-17 years old |
| Mastitis | occurs during lactation, caused by staph areus |
| fibroadenoma | caused between 21-25, well-delineated, very mobile |
| Ductal ectasia | multicolored sticky nipple discharge, involves ducts in subareolar area |
| fat necrosis | associated w/breast trauma |
| senescent gynomastia | d/t increased conversion of androgen to estrogen, usually resolves in 6-12 months |
| the risk for breast CA is highest for | women over 60 |
| the nurse would be concerned if examination of pt breast revealed... | immobile, hard, nontender lesion in upper outer quadrant |
| best prognosis w/dxstudies when... | negative axillary lymph nodes |
| recurrence or metastasis of breast CA occurs | in pts who have small tumors w/negative axillary lymph nodes |
| A pt undergoing lumpectomy, masectomy would also expect what? | axillary node dissection |
| lymphatic mappinng w/sentinal lymph node dissection is planned for a pt undergoing a radical masectomy. The nurse understands that... | if malignant cells are found in any sentinal nodes, 12--20 lymph nodes will be dissected |
| systemic chemotherapy is done in tx of pts w/breat CA... | in premenopausal women even if no nodal involvement is present |
| Tamoxifen is the tx of choice- when? | post surgery if the tumor has receptors for estrogen or progesterone |
| exercise post masectomy is done by... | asking the pt to flex and extend fingers/wrist for the operated side |
| following a masectomy, a pt experiences lymphedema of the affected arm. The nurse teaches... | to protect the arm from trauma |
| A pt is experiencing disturbed body image d/t masectomy. A good nursing intervention would be... | arrange for a Reach for Recovery visitor or similar resource for the pt |
| A pt is to undergo mammectomy 1 yr after a masectomy. The nurse should... | make sure pt is realistic about procedure |
| With tissue expansion, the nurse knows the pt will undergo what? | weekly injections of water or saline into the expander |
| radiation used to tx possible local residual CA post masectomy & to reduce the size of a tumor before other therapy | Adjunct to surgery |
| radiation used for pain relief | palliative |
| radiation which follows a local excision of a tumor | primary |
| Alternative to traditional radiation in early stage breast CA which may be completed in 5 days | high-dose brachytherapy |
| how long does it take a palpable lump in a person's breast to become 1 cm | 10 years |
| what is the biggest risk factor for breast CA? | Age- 609 |
| At what age should a woman begin yearly mammograms? | 40 |
| when is the best time to perform self breast exams? what about women post menopause? | 1 week post menstual cycle- same time each month |
| once a woman has a lumpectomy, what should she be cautious of? | extreme temperatures- REACHING OVER A HOT STOVE |
| what can a woman do to prevent lymphedema? | keep arm elevated day & night and also exercise the affected arm |
| how is breast CA diagnosed? | BIOPSY (stereotactic biopsy- w/x-ray) |
| what is mastalgia? | benign breast pain (cyclic) |
| what's a good pt teaching for benign breast disorders? | decrease caffeine & fat (RED MEAT)- makes breast FIBROUS, wear a supportive bra |
| what is mastitis? | inflammation caused in lactating women (staphyloccoci)- tender fever, erythmia (start early ABX) |
| what is a cyst filled with? | fluid |
| what are fibrocystic changes? | benign, NO INC RISK FOR CA, fibrous changes (may have yellow/green discharge), pain d/t nerve irritation |
| what is fibroadenoma? | tissue changes w/cycle- BENIGN BREAST LUMPS IN YOUNG WOMEN, SMALL PAINLESS, ROUND, WELL DELINEATED, VERY MOBILE |
| what causes gynomastia in men? | it's transient and caused by disturbance in androgen/estrogen ratio |
| a lady comes in but doesn't want mammogram, what do you do? | teach her about the risks |
| which is more invasive- ductar or lobar? | ductar |
Created by:
arsho453
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