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Final-Musculoskel.
Ch. 4 Adult Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Knee arthroplasty | Replacement of the knee joint; restore motion of the joint, relieve pain or correct deformity |
| Hip arthroplasty | Replacement of the hip joint |
| Hip fractures | Most common type of fracture in the elderly; women more at risk than men |
| Compartment syndrome | A pathologic condition caused by the progressive development of arterial vessel compression and reduced supply to an extremity |
| Shock | Result of blood loss from a fractured bone or severed blood vessel |
| Gas Gangrene | Produced by Clostridium bacteria in presence of open fractures and lacerated wounds |
| Buck's Traction | Temporary measure to provide support and comfort to a fractured extremity while waiting for more definitive treatment. Traction is in a horizontal plane with affected extremity. |
| CMS | Circulation, Motion, Sensation |
| Greenstick fracture | Incomplete fracture in which the fracture line extends only partially through the bone. Common in children because their bones are softer. |
| Complete fracture | Fracture line extends entirely through the bone, with the periosteum disrupted on both sides of the bone |
| Comminuted fracture | Bone is splintered into three or more fragments at the site of the break. There is more than one fraccture line. |
| Impacted fracture | Sometimes called a telesoped fracture because one bone fragment is forcibly wedged into another bone fragment |
| Transverse fracture | Break runs directly acrossthe bone, at a right angle to the bone's axis |
| Oblique fracture | Break runs diagnolly across the bone, at approximately a 45-degree angle |
| Spiral fracture | Break coils around the bone. Sometimes called a torsion fracture and results from a twisting force. |
| Colles fracture | Fracture of the distal portion of the radius within 1 inch of the wrist joint; common when a person attempts to break a fall |
| Potts fracture | Occurs at the distal end of the fibula and is characterized by chipping off of a piece of the medial malleolus with a displacement of the foot outward |
| Fat Embolus | Involves the embolization of tissue fat with platelets and circulating free fatty acids within the pulmonary capillaries |
| Delayed union | Fracture that fails to heal within the usual time |
| Nonunion | The ends of the fractured bone fail to unite and produce a stable union after 6 to9 months |
| Meatus | opening |
| Articulation | joint |
| Flexion | decrease in the angle of the joint |
| Extension | increase in the angle of the joint |
| Adduction | Movement towards the midline |
| Abduction | Movement away from the midline |
| Epiphysis | Ends of a bone |
| Diaphysis | Shaft of the bone |
| Sprain | twisted ankle caused by wrenching or twisting of the foot and ankle |
| Diarthrosis | No movement |
| Amphiarthrosis | Slight movement |
| Synarthrosis | Free movement |
| Kyphosis | exaggerated thoracic curvature |
| Lordosis | exaggerated lumbar curvature |
| Scoliosis | lateral curvature usually involving the thoracic spine |
| Strain | microscopic muscle tears as a result of overstretching |
| Dexamethasone | antirheumatic, corticosteroids |
| Indomethacin | antirheumatic, NSAID |
| Naprosen | non-opioid analgesic, antipyretic, NSAID |
| Ibuprofen | antipyretic, analgesic, antirheumatic |
| Plaqueril | antimalarial, antirheumatic |
| Methotrexate | anti-neoplastic, andtirheumatic, immunosuppressant |
| Gold salt therapy | anti-inflammatory treatment |
| Fosamax | bone resorption inhibitor |
| Aredia | bone resorption inhibitor |
| Actonel | bone resorption inhibitor |
| Allopurinol | anti-gout, anti-uricemic |
| Flexeril | skeletal muscle relaxants |
| Soma | skeletal muscle relaxants |
| Colchicine | anti-gout |
| Zyloprim | anti-gout |
| Ketoralac | NSAID, non-opioid analgesics |
| Tophi | Calculi containing sodium urate deposits that develop in perarticular fibrous tissue, typically in patients with gout |
| Food high in purines | organ meats, anchovies, yeast, herring, mackerel, and scallops |
| Toxicity of Colchicine symptoms | diarrhea, nausea, vomiting |
| Allopurinol (Gout) | Decreases the production of uric acid |
| Probenecid (Gout) | Inhibits renal tubular resorption of uric acid to increase secretion of uric acid by the kidneys |
| Anturane (Gout) | Prevents the development of tophi in various parts of the body, including the kidneys |
| Arthrodesis | Surgical fusion of a joint |
| Arthroplasty | Repair or refashioning of one or both sides, parts, or specific tissue withing a joint |
| Knee joints replaced to... | restore motion, relieve pain, or correct deformity |
| Unicompartmental knee replacement | AKA partial knee replacement |
Created by:
caysmommy03
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