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Bio 2 Final
Biology 2 Final (Lints/McNight)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sexual Selection | Individuals with certain inherited traits are more likely to be mated with than others |
| Artificial Selection | Breeding of domestic plants or animals in a lab |
| Directional Selection (Frequency-Dependent Selection) | One end of the phenotype survive more than members of the other phenotype |
| Stabilizing Selection | Individuals with intermediate phenotypes survive more successfully than members of either extreme |
| Disruptive Selection | Both individuals of each extreme survive to reproduce |
| Covergent Evolution | Independent evolution of similar features in different lineages |
| Homologous Structures | similar structures that form from a common ancestor |
| Vestigial Structures | remnants of structure that is no longer used |
| Aristotle | Natural ladder to God |
| Linneaus | Nested Classification and the naming system |
| Cuvier | "Catastrophism" / Fossil Records |
| Lammark | Inherited Traits |
| Darwin | Natural Selection / Survival of the Fittest |
| Lyell | Processes on the earth are old, therefore the earth is old |
| Hutton | Uniformitatism-Changes occur at the same rate |
| Malthus | Competition of Resources / "exponential growth" |
| 3.5 bya | First Fossil (stromatolite) & Protist |
| 2.1 bya | First Eukaryote |
| 2 bya | Oxygen Revolution |
| 750-580 mya | Snowball Earth |
| 535 mya | Cambrain Explosion (diversification of multicellular eukaryotes) |
| 280 mya | Permain Exinction (dinosaurs extinct) |
| 10 mya | Pleistocene Ice Age |
| Cline | change in phenotype of a population overtime |
| Autopollyploidy | 1 species doubles creating 1 daughter |
| Allopollyploidy | 1 species doubles creating 2 daughters |
| exaptation | originally used for one thing and becomes used for something else |
| Gram (-) Bacteria | Large Amounts of Peptidoglycan (pink) |
| Gram (+) Bacteria | Small amounts of Peptidoglycan and a cell wall made of Lipopolysaccharides |
| Capsule | sticky coating on cell wall |
| Fimbirea | hair-like appendages used to attach to things |
| sex pilli | appendages that attach two cells prior to DNA transfer |
| transduction | horizontal gene transfer |
| transformation | genes altered by random uptake of forgein DNA |
| conjungtion | genetic material transferred between two bacterias |
| Stamen | anther and filament |
| carpel | stigma, style, and ovary |
| Alternation of generations | Spores (n) --> gametophyte (n) --> gametes --> sporophyte (2n) --> |
| Intersexual selection | male choice |
| Intrasexual selection | mate competition |
| Reinforcement | two species remain seperate |
| Fusion | two species become one |
| Miller-Urey | Placed organic compounds in vacuum added light to create amino acids and recreate earth's early atmosphere |
| Horizontal Gene Transfer | pick up DNA from something unrelated (endosymbiosis) |
| Vertical Gene Transfer | Parent to offspring |
| Monocot | 1 cotyledon parallel veins fiberous roots flowers in 3's |
| Eudicot | 2 cotyledon net-like veins tap roots flowers in 4's and 5's |
| Zygomycetes | food molds |
| Ascomycetes | sexual spores (asci) asexual spores (conidia) |
| Lichens | fungus + photosynthetic cell |
| Hominoids | monkeys and humans |
| anthropoids | new world and old world monkeys |
| allometric growth | change in normal growth rate |
| Paedomorphosis | sexually mature; look juvenile |
| Orthologous Genes | genes change due to a speciation event |
| paralogous genes | genes duplicate within a species |
Created by:
alexis.mitchell
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