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Gram-Neg Bacteria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pseudomona aeruginosa Characteristics | resistant to most antibiotics forms biofilms contain LPS can even infect plants |
| Pseudomona aeruginosa Transmission | SOIL, water, bathroom items, med tech, 10% H skin flora opportunist |
| Pseudomona aeruginosa Symptoms | health state, route of exposure, site-specific Swimmer's ear: pain, pus, itchy, hot Hot Tub Folliculitis: same sympt pattern |
| Pseudomona aeruginosa Treatment | Cocktail: 2+ - penicillin, beta-lactams Contingent on severity: - self-resolving - 1w cleaning, abio ear drops - severe IV abios |
| Pseudomona aeruginosa Prevention and Control | Water: remove clothes, shower Burn: debride, topical Ag sulfadiazine Vaccine: pili/flag + ToxA; oral |
| Bordetella pertussis Characteristics | airway cilliated cells picky, fastidious Toxin: - inc cAMP levels (pertussis toxin, invasive adenylate cyclase) - dermonecrotic and tracheal cytotoxin - LPS |
| Bordetella pertussis Transmission | highly contagious D/I respiratory asympt vectors |
| Bordetella pertussis Symptoms | Catarrheal: (1-2w) cold-like Paroxysmal: (<2w) cough, gasp, comps (bleeding) Convalescent: (ws-ms) sympts wane or flare-up |
| Bordetella pertussis Treatment | palliative: nutrition, oxygen, cough-sup erythromycin |
| Bordetella pertussis Prevention and Control | Vaccine: DTP immunity fades with age prophylactics |
| Legionella pneumophila Characteristics | aquatic/moist 1965: St. Eliz. in DC 1968: Pontiac, MI 1976: Legionnaires, PA |
| Legionella pneumophila Transmission | aspiration of contaminated food aerosolization of contaminated water (minor) |
| Legionella pneumophila Symptoms | 2-10d fever (103+) cough GI dec HR |
| Legionella pneumophila Treatment | time of administration cipro, doxy, azith, levo, oflo side effects for a year immunity for life |
| Legionella pneumophila Prevention and Control | chloronation clean hospitals |
| Francisella tularenis Characteristics | Formerly: Pasteurella tuleransis plague-like |
| Francisella tularenis Transmission | lagomorphs contaminated water dust |
| Francisella tularenis Symptoms | ulcer at entry site swollen lymph nodes inhalation: pneumonia disease, typhoidal disease Ingestion: diarrhea, vomiting, pharyngitis |
| Francisella tularenis Treatment | Oral - cipro, doxy Inj - genta, strepto |
| Francisella tularenis Prevention and Control | Vaccine: specialists care with lagomorphs public education prophylactics |
| Pasteurella multicida Characteristics | Zoontic Bacteriophage confers pathogenic properties |
| Pasteurella multicida Transmission | Ranch: resp flora of poultry and cattle, D/I at wound Home: resp flora of cats and dogs, D/I |
| Pasteurella multicida Symptoms | wart-like at site, abscess (perm. scarring) septicemia, organ-specific problems |
| Pasteurella multicida Treatment | immediate wound care amox, cipro, TMSM |
| Pasteurella multicida Prevention and Control | none for humans |
| Haemophilus aegyptius | D/I, biting insects conjunctivitis abio eyedrops clean fomites |
| Haemophilus ducreyi | sex chancroid cotrimoxazole hygiene, safe sex |
| Haemophilus influenzae | direct with resp secretions (carriers) meningitis (asympt) ampicillin, chloramphenicol Hib vaccine (TDaP, polysacc + carrier prot) |
| Haemophilus parainfluenzae | autoinnoc, dental (carriers) endocarditis (asympt) cipro most common sanitary dental/surgery |
| Yersina pestis Characteristics | sensu stricto (plague + anthrax) prefers lymph tissue esp. nodes dissuades with surface prots (stinkbug) |
| Yersina pestis Transmission | cutaneous (most common) respiratory year-round |
| Yersina pestis Symptoms | Bubonic: not very contag (lymph nodes), F+CH, exhaustion, BUBUOES (hemo of nodes) Pneumonic - highly contag (lungs), F+CH, tachy, difficulty breathing, cough Septicemic - not very contag (bs), FEVER, prostration, convulsions, septic shock |
| Yersina pestis Treatment | Quarantine better early: strepto, genta palliative |
| Yersina pestis Prevention and Control | Vaccines: not in US control rodent and flea populations public education |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Characteristics | colonize intestine, multiply in spleen and liver (into bs) Typhoid Mary - ID 1906, jailed until death 1938 |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Transmission | asympt carriers mainly (remain in gallbladder) feces or urine contamination of food or water |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Symptoms | 7-30d Acute: GI upset 1w: FMH, anorexia, flushed 2w: incF+C, delirium, convulsions, distention, rose spots on abdomen 3w: recovery - fever fatigue fatal - GI ulcerates, abscesses, blood clots, comps |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Treatment | ampi, cypro, TMSM, chloramphenicol paliative (fluids, rest) anticholinergics for GI |
| Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi Prevention and Control | sanitation ID and treat carriers Vaccines: not typical, 3 available (2 killed, 1 oral), new avirulent |
| Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium Characteristics | Environmentally hardy 2007 PB 1980s cult sabotage |
| Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium Transmission | Farm animals (practices cause abiores?) Contaminated food (milk, fruit, eggs, chocolate, meat) Stored food becomes contaminated Pets (esp reptiles) |
| Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium Symptoms | most severe <10yo 6-24h nausea, vomiting ab pain, diarrhea, F+C, "arthritis" 3-4w post septic shock - bs, fatal, immunocomp |
| Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium Treatment | self-resolving fluids cipro, TMSM (contraindicated: longer carrier) |
| Salmonella enteriditis/typhimurium Prevention and Control | FoodNet cook, pasteurize, purify, sterilize |
| Shigella boydii/dysenteriae/flexneri/sonnei Characteristics | Enerotoxin Shiga toxin (sim: cholera toxin) - damages cells, pedestals, revamps cytoskeleton, cleave RNA, stops elongation - enters: clathrin coated pits, harpoon |
| Shigella boydii/dysenteriae/flexneri/sonnei Transmission | Humans only D/I feces Mainly: improper handwashing Uncommon: animal vectors (flies and dogs) |
| Shigella boydii/dysenteriae/flexneri/sonnei Symptoms | 1-3d dysentery, tenesmus, distention, irritable, nauseated convulsions (children) blood/mucus/pus in stool |
| Shigella boydii/dysenteriae/flexneri/sonnei Treatment | Abio resistance - cepholosporins, quinolones rehydration NO antidiarrheal drugs |
| Shigella boydii/dysenteriae/flexneri/sonnei Prevention and Control | Clean water supplies Maintain sewer systems Personal hygiene - hand washing |
| Escherichia coli Characteristics | Normal flora Good: outcompetes paths, provides vitamins Diarrhea: ion balance, destroy villi, local inflammation |
| Escherichia coli (Hemorrhagic Colitis) Transmission | contaminated food D/I with infected person |
| Escherichia coli (Hemorrhagic Colitis) Symptoms | 3-8d ab pain, cramps, watery diarrhea, Gi hemorrhage Verotoxin: lethal to gut cells, HUS |
| Escherichia coli (Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome) | always O157:H7 special hemorrhagic colitis children and elderly anemia, F, kidney damage, neurological damage |
| Escherichia coli (Hemorrhagic Colitis) Treatment | rehydration NO ABIOS |
| Escherichia coli (Hemorrhagic Colitis) Prevention and Control | proper food handling minimize D with infected |
Created by:
motrin25
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