Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MicroLab FinalCGCC
Microlab review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are Protozoa major distinguishing characteristics? | no cell wall, locomotion, heterotrophic nutrition, and primarily asexual reproduction |
| Protozoa are? | Unicellular eukaryotic chemoheterotroph(consume sugar) organism. |
| What are the 4 protozoa organisms and their differential characteristics? | Sarcodina = pseudopods (false feet) Mastigophora = Flagella (whiplike this structures) Ciliophora = Cilia (short hairlike projections) Sporozoa = no locomotor structure in maturity |
| Fungi Basic Characteristics are? (molds and yeast) | Heterotrophic eukaryotic microorganism, reproduce spores asexually and sexually, require less nitrogen, grow in lower pH, and have septate/nonseptate mycelium |
| Viruses are | non-cellular entities with a nucleic acid surrounded by a capsid (protein coat) |
| 5 steps to viral replication | Adsorption, Penetration, Replication, Maturation, and Release. |
| Bacteriophage Components (Virus) | Capsid(Protects DNA), Nucleic Acid Core(DNA), Spiral Protein Sheath(retracts), End plate and tail fibers(attachment) |
| The lytic cylce | results in the lysis of the cell after APRMR. |
| The lysogenic cycle | incorporates its genetic material into the host's chromosome. |
| The lysogenic cycle ends when | induction of the prophage occurs; causing to detach itself and the lytic cycle begins. |
| Concepts of a Virus | lack metabolic machinery, replication only occurs with the host cell and using its machinery. Have no enzymatic activity. |
| Viruses | Are non living because cannot respond to their environment,lack enzymatic and bio-synthetic machinery necessary for independent activities of cellular life. |
| Sterilization procedure | flame needle/ loop until red, let it cool, and do not set it down. Uncap tube and flame the neck thru the fire. Do not set caps down. Perform inoculation. Flame the neck again and recap.Reflame the loop or needle before setting it down. |
| GRAM POSITIVE BACILLUS What 2 Tests? | Starch Hydrolysis and Litmus Milk Reaction tests. |
| Why Starch Hydrolysis for gram (+) bacillus bacteria. | Because there are only two gram(+) bacillus and one tests positive and the other tests negative. |
| A positive result for Starch Hydrolysis Test is | a clear zone of hydrolysis surrounding the growth indicating that starch has been hydrolyzed.Starch-splitting enzymes are present. |
| A negative result for Starch Hydrolysis Test is | When iodine is applied, the starch will turn blue black in color to the medium, indicating absence of starch-splitting enzymes. |
| A Starch Hydrolysis Test is used | to demonstrate the hydrolytic activities of an organism with starch splitting enzymes. |
| Starch Hydrolysis Test requires a | Starch agar plate and iodine as indicator of hydrolysis. |
| Starch Hydrolysis Test Procedure | Label the starch agar plate, using sterile technique make a wavy line inoculation on the agar surface of the organism. Incubate upside down for 48hrs at 37C. |
| Starch Hydrolysis Test Procedure after incubation | Apply iodine and soak for 30 seconds and pour it out. Observe for hydrolysis clear zone in medium. |
| Why Litmus Milk Reaction Test for gram (+) bacillus. | Because out of the two bacteria I have to test for; the results are peptonization for one and alkaline for the other. Clear and definitive result. |
| What medium is required for a Litmus Milk Reaction Test? | A litmus milk broth |
| Litmus Milk Test Procedure | Using sterile technique, inoculate a loopful of organism into its properly labeled litmus milk broth tube. |
| PEPTONIZATION (negative result) | milk proteins are hydrolyzed, the digestion of proteins creates creates alkaline environment. Litmus turns deep purple in top half and a wheylike translucent appearance on the bottom. |
| ALKALINE (negative result) | color of medium remains unchanged or a deeper blue. Partial degradation of casein releases alkaline end products. |
| GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLUS What 2 tests? | Indole Production Test and Litmus Milk Reaction Test |
| Indole Production Test tests for | Ability to hydrolyze triptophan with the production of indole. |
| Medium and reagent used for Indole Production Test? | SIM Agar Deep Tube and Kovac's Reagent |
| Indole Production Test Procedure | Label sim agar deep tube, using sterile technique inoculate organism into deep tube by means of stab inoculation using a needle. Incubate for 48hrs at 37C. |
| Indole Production Test Procedure after incubation period | Apply Kovac's Reagent, detects presence of indole by producing a cherry red reagent layer. |
| Indole Production Test with positive result = | Cherry red reagent layer = tryptophan was hydrolyzed = indole is present. 2 out of 5 |
| Indole Production Test with negative result = | Absence of red layer = substrate tryptophan was not hydrolyzed.3 out of 5 |
| Litmus Milk Reaction Test is to | differentiate microorganisms enzymatically transform different milk substrates into varied metabolic end products. |
| Litmus Milk Reaction Test procedure | Using sterile technique, inoculate a loopful of organism into its properly labeled litmus milk broth tube. |
| Litmus results for gram negative bacillus, if indole was positive | 2 organisms = one is acid (+) and the other is alkaline (-). |
| Litmus results for gram negative bacillus, if indole was negative | 3 organisms = one is acid (+), one is rapid peptonization, and the other is alkaline. |
| Acid (+) on Litmus Test means | Lactose was fermented and pink color change from acidity (lower pH) |
| Alkaline (-)) on Litmus Test means | medium remains unchanged or slightly darker, partial degredation of casein. |
| Peptonization or Proteolysis (-) on Litmus Test means | inability to ferment lactose so .. milk proteins are hydrolyzed, Litmus turns deep purple in top half and a wheylike,brown, translucent appearance on the bottom. |
| GRAM POSITIVE COCCUS What 2 tests? | MSA ( Mannitol Salt Agar) and Catalase Test (apply 3% Hydrogen peroxide to organism) |
| MSA performs a selective and differential functions | Selective for Halophiles (love salt) and differential for Mannitol fermenters |
| MSA Plate meduim contains | high salt concentrations, carbohydrate mannitol, and phenol red pH indicator which results in a yellow zone surrounding growth = positive for mannitol fermentation. |
| MSA Procedure | Label MSA plate, using sterile technique inoculate the plate with the organism in a wavy pattern using an inoculating loop. Incubate upside down for 48hrs at 37C. |
| Gram Stain Procedure | Clean glass slide, using sterile technique inoculate organism and place on slide, allow to dry, heat fix, use crystal violet and let stand, rinse, grams iodine mordant let stand, rinse, decolorize with alcohol drop by drop, rinse, safranin let stand, rins |
| Gram Stain stains in order | Crystal violet, rinse, Iodine, rinse, Alcohol, rinse, Safranin, rinse and blot dry |
| Streak Plate Procedure (trypticase soy agar medium plate) | Label and divide into 4 quadrants, using sterile technique inoculate loopful of organism in #1 drag across 20x's. Reflame loop, cool down. Touch #1 and drag into #2 and streak 20x's. Reflame and cool. Repeat for #3. Touch #3 and drag into #4 and make wide |
| Lab safety protocol Why we wear glasses, coats, shoes, pants, gloves? | Think!!!! |
| GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLUS Indole Production and Litmus Milk Rx | Indole cancels out 3 out of 5 Litmus, one alkaline(-) and other acid(+) |
| GRAM POSITIVE BACILLUS Starch Hydrolysis and Litmus Milk Rx | Starch has one positive and one negative Litmus is peptonization or alkaline |
| GRAM POSITIVE COCCUS Mannitol Salt Agar and Catalase Test | MSA has 2 positive out of 3 Catalase give a positive for one and negative for another |
Created by:
wevarela
Popular Biology sets