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Microbiology York
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the microorganisms that do not have a nucleus in their cells are... | prokaryotes |
| microorganismas are best defined as organisms that | are too small to be seen with the unaided eye |
| the dutch merchant who constructed high quality lenses to see and record microorganisms was | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek |
| what is the correct descending taxonomic hierarchy? | family, genus, species |
| a scientise studying the sequence of the nucleotides in the rRNA of a bacterial species is working on | determining evolutionary relatedness. |
| the process byy which humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms is called... | genetic engineering |
| using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of... | bioremediation |
| In Whittaker's system of classification, the protozoa and algae are classified in the kingdom.. | protist |
| _____________ provide structure to cell membranes. | Phospholipids |
| ____________ typically consist of single chains of nucleotides covalently bound via phosphodister bonds. | RNA |
| Proteins are made of polymers consiting of __________ connected by ____________ bond. | amino acids; peptide |
| Chemotaxis refers to... | the ablity to move in response to a chemical. |
| The short, numerous appendages used by some bacterial cells for adhering the surfaces... | fimbriae |
| The transfer of gense during bacterial conjugation involoves rigid, tubular appendages called... | Pili |
| The outcome of the Gram stain is based on differences in the cell's... | Cell wall |
| THe cell ______ can be composed of three layers; the membrane, the cell wall and the outer membrane. | Enevelope |
| Peptidoglycan is a unique macromolecule found in bacterial... | cell walls |
| _____ is a macromolecule containing alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid cross-linked by short peptide fragments. | Peptidoglycan |
| A prokaryotic cell wall that has primarily peptidoglycan with small amounts of teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid is... | Gram positive |
| The most immediate result of destruction of a cell's ribosomes would be... | protein synthesis would stop |
| The function of bacterial endospores is | protection of genetice material during harsh conditions |
| A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a... | streptobacillus |
| An important indicator of evolutionary relatedness is to determine... | nitrogen base sequence of rRNA |
| The endosymbiotic theory has been developed to explain the emergence of... | eukaryotes |
| There are nine peripheral pairs and one central pair of ________ found inside eukaryotic flagella and cilia. | Microtubules |
| The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of... | Sterols, proteins, and phospholipids. |
| The site for ribosomal RNA synthesis is the... | nucleolus |
| An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify and package proteins for cell secretion is the.... | Golgi apparatus |
| A ____ originates from the golgi apparatus as one type of vesicle that contains a variety of enzymes for intracellular digestion. | Lysosome |
| The size of a eukaryotic cell ribosome is... | 80S |
| In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes have two locations; scattered in the ___ and on the surface of _____. | Cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum |
| The cytoskeleton... | anchors organells, provides support, functions in movements of the cytoplasm, helps maintain cell shape. |
| The long, thread-like branching cells of molds are called... | hyphae |
| Most fungi obtain nutrients from dead plants and animals. These fungi are called... | saprobes |
| Fungal asexual spores... | are used to identify fungi. |
| Helminths are... | parasitic worms |
| An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided is called a... | growth factor |
| The term heterotroph refers to an organism that... | must obtain organic compounds for its carbon need. |
| The term chemotroph refers to an organism that... | gets engery by oxidizing chemical compounds |
| The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called... | diffusion |
| Diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane is called... | osmosis |
| The movement of substances from lower to higher concentration across a semi permeable membrane that must have a specific protein carrier and cell expenditure of energy is called... | active transport |
| The use of energy by a cell to enclse a substance in its membrane by forming a vacuole and engulfing it is called... | endocytosis |
| Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are moved to salty seawater would... | shrivel |
| Nutrient absorption is mediated by the... | cell membrane |
| Facilitated diffusion is limited by... | carrier proteins in the membrane |
| When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell,this endocytosis specifically termed... | phagocytosis |
| sapro- | rotten/dead |
| troph- | food |
| hetero- | other |
| auto- | self |
| -phile | love |
| chemo- | chemical |
| halo- | salt |
| aero- | uses oxygen |
| -obe | to live |
Created by:
cheababy7
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