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Mechanobiology

QuestionAnswer
List 4 mechanosensitive cells in human body osteocytes in bone; chondrocytes in cartilage myocytes in the heart, endothelial cells in blood vessels
What is Mechanobiology? The study of Interrelationship of force and biology. To understand cellular process of mechanotransduction or how cells sense and respond to mechanical forces
State the primary function of articular cartilage. transmit large loads across the articular surfaces; provide a low friction surface for joint movement
major components of articular cartilage water(70-80%);extracellular matrix: Type II Collagen, Aggrecan
What are the causes of injury of articular cartilage? traumatic mechanical destruction; progressive mechanical degeneration
why does the articular cartilage have limited capacity of self repair? because of of the avascularity and low cellularity
What are the factors that affect Mesenchymal stem cells to generate chondrocytes? Blood clot formation; mechanical loading; growth factor; Extracellular matrix; low oxygen tension
What is the hypothesis of the mechanobiology study of BM-MSCs? Dynamic compressive loading can promote chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs
What is the objective of the mechanobiology study of BM-MSCs? To exam the effect of cyclic compressive loading on chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit BM-MSCs in agarose culture.
What are the conclusion of the mechanobiology study of BM-MSCs? High frequency dynamic loading can promote chondrogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs; High frequency dynamic loading maintains better viability of BM-MSCs in 3-dimensional culture;Dynamic loading is a promising stimulus to promote cartilage formation of MS
What are the current cartilage repair techniques? Bone marrow stimulation(microfractures);Transplantation of autologous osteochondral grafts;implantation of autologous chondrocytes
Why are BM-MSCs used in cartilage tissue engineering? BM-MSCs have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes;simple aspiration without causing damage on tissue; efficient expansion in monolayer culture without altering differentiation potential.
What are the signals induced by dynamic loading? Cell deformation, Hydrostatic pressure, electrical potential,fluid flow,change in concentration of solutes
What biochemical/cellular properties change during tissue growth? cell density, nutrient metabolism , fix charge density, swelling pressure, all goes up
What biomechanical properties changes during tissue growth? solute diffusivity, nutrient concentration and hydraulic permeability all goes down. fluid pressure, compressive modulus goes up.
What are the multiphasic feature of extracellular matrix of charged hydrated soft tissue? solid phase(charged);interstitial water phase;solute phase(Na+...)
What are the composition of intervertebral disc(IVD)? AF: Annulus Fibrosus NP: Nucleus Pulpusus
What is periodontal ligament? A soft connective tissue embedded between the tooth root and the alveolar bone socket,;a derivative of cranial neural crest;multipotent stem cells
What is the origin of neural crest? ectoderm
What are the various cell types pluripotent cells can give rise to ? neurons and glial cells; endocrine cells;connective tissue cells; muscle cells; skin cells
Created by: lightbuzz
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