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VN 155 Peds comm

QuestionAnswer
OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS caused by organisms normally found in the environment that the immune suppressed individual cannot resist or fight
INCUBATION PERIOD time between the invasion by the pathogen and the onset of clinical symptoms.
PRODORMAL PERIOD refers to the initial stage of a disease: the interval between the earliest symptoms and the appearance of a typical rash or fever.
NATURAL IMMUNITY resistance is inborn. Babies under 12 wks gets their immunity from their mother.
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY not the result of inherited factors but is acquired as a result of having the disease or is artificially acquired by receiving vaccines or immune serums.
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY - ACTIVE when the person produces his or her own immunity
ACQUIRED IMMUNITY - PASSIVE antibodies obtained in immune serums like gamma globulin
STANDARD PRECAUTION handwashing is essential
TRANSMISSION BASED - DROPLET used w diseases such as pertussis & influenza. Coughing or sneezing, droplets can contaminate an area 3 ft around the pt.
TRANSMISSION BASED - AIRBORNE used for pts with conditions such as TB, varicella and rubeola (measles). Small airbone particles floating in the air can be inhaled any place in the room.
TRANSMISSION BASED - CONTACT used condition transmits organisms via skin to skin contact or through indirect touch of a contaminated fomite. Gloves & gowns are worn for close contact w pts w RSV, HEP A who are incontinent, pts w contagious skin diseases (impetigo or wound infections)
ERYTHEMA diffused reddened area on the skin
MACULE circular redenned area on the skin
PAPULE circular reddned area on the skin that is elevated
VESICLE circular redenned area on the skin that is elevated and contains fluid
PUSTULE circular redenned area on the skin that is elevated and contains pus
SCAB dried pustule that is covered with a crust
PATHOGNOMONIC term used to describe a lesion or symptom that is characteristic of a specific illness.
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) its in the spinal column. Could reactivate as shingles brought by illness, stress. It is a type of herpes.
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) - s/s prodormal signs - fever followed by macule, papule, vesicles, pustules & scabs. All stages are present at the same time.
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) - incubation period 2-3 wks or 13-17 days ave
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) - prevention/tx vaccine availble; acyclovir (zovirax) is given to immunosuppressed kids who are exposed.
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) - contagious period 6 days after appearance of rash.
VARICELLA (CHICKEN POX) - NI trim fingernails to prevent scratching. Calamine lotion may reduce itching. Isolate from others.
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) - S/S mild fever & cold symptoms precede a rose-colored, maculopapular rash. Glands at ears and back of neck are enlarged.
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) - INCUBATION PERIOD 2-3 wks or 18 days ave
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) - PREVENTION/TX all infants should receive vaccine, w boosters at preschool age
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) - CONTAGIOUS PERIOD until rash fades (5 days)
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) - NI symptomatic treatment; avoid exposing any woman who might be in the early months of pregnancy. May cause serious fatal anomalies.
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) easier type of rubella
MEASLES longer period of rubella. Difference is that this rubella is longevity and photofobia.
MEASLES - S/S fever, cough and conjunctivities followed by small white (KOPLIK) spots on inner cheeks. Maculopapular rash then erupts.
MEASLES - INCUBATION PERIOD 1-2 wks or 14 days
MEASLES - PREVENTION/TX infants should receive vaccine at 15 months and boosters at preschool age. Gamma globulin may be given after exposure. Vit A is recommended to reduce morbidity.
MEASLES - CONTAGIOUS PERIOD from 4 days before to 5 days after the rash appears
MEASLES - NI symptomatic treatment; isolate and provide quiet activities. Give detailed oral care. Use measures to reduce eyestrain caused by photophobia.
VACCINE a suspensionn of weakened or inactivated (killed) organisms that stimulate immune bodies to form. A form of ACTIVE immunity.
TOXOID a modified toxin that stimulates the production of antitoxin. A form of ACTIVDE immunity.
HEP B vaccine for babies 3 shots: first shot at birth, last by age 9 month.s
Created by: jekjes
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