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microbiology finalgs

Duquesne University Microbiology Final Lalitha Rajakumar

QuestionAnswer
Primary Immunodeficiency genetic deficiencies or defective genes hereditary both male and female
Agammaglobulinemia deficiency of antibodies B-cells cannot produce antibodies degree varies some may have none or some may have a few prone to bacterial infections capsulated bacteria (streptococcus, pneumonia, and Haeluophilus influenza)
IgA Deficiency susceptible to RTI and UTI reproductive tract and infection any transmission across a mucous membrane.
Complement Deficiency lack of C3B which opsonizes susceptible to gram negative infections capsulated pyrogenic bacteria no lysis varies from minor to severe
SCID severe combined immunodeficiency, deficiency of b-cells and t- cells, die young without bone marrow transplant, live in bubble.
DiGeorge Syndrome lack proper thymus no T-cells physical abnormalities vulnerable to infection need bone marrow transplant
Secondary immunodeficiency results by infection acquired
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by HIV (1&2) was discovered in africa reduced virulence HIV was recognized as a disease in 1981
Opportunistic Diseases rarely observed in humans with normal immune responses
Pneumonia Opportunistic disease caused by fungus Pneumocytis Jiroveci never seen in healthy individuals
Cryptosporidiosis opportunistic disease that is caused by a protozoan infection
Toxoplasmosis opportunistic disease that is caused by a protozoan infection
Systematic yeast infection opportunistic disease caused by Candida Albicans
Viral Infections by Herpes Simplex opportunistic disease
Cytomegavirus opportunistic disease
TB, Shingles, Helminth Infections opportunistic disease
Kaposi's Sarcoma cancer of the cells lining the blood vessels (coinfection with herpes virus) never seen in healthy individuals
Current Definition of Aids test positive for AIDS and CD4 T-cells less then 200 um (normally 600-100) of whole blood or CD4 cell/total lymphocytes less then 14% or CD4 T-cells less then 200 um and any of the opportunistic conditions
HIV can be acute, chronic or latent discovered in 1980's in the 90's became a big problem for the US last ten years been brought under control in US problem in African countries because they cannot afford treatment first thought disease of homosexuals
Some individuals do not have X and X and cannot be infected with HIV or AIDS CCR4 and CCR5
HIV is A RNA virus retrovirus RNA virus with reverse transcriptase provirus in latent infections
Created by: senatoreg
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