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CM Earth Science 1-1
Unit 1 Mr. Wilbur/Barbis: Intro & Dimensions of the Earth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Earth Science, and why do we study it? | The study of our planet, it's changing systems, and place in universe. We study to understand natural events/disasters, ways to use and acquire natural resourses, and about land use and pollution. |
| What are the main branches of Earth Science? | geology, meteorology, astronomy, oceanography, environmental science, engineering |
| Why do we study science? | to gain knowledge and know about our world; science is dynamic; explain natural phenomenon; "glasses we wear" |
| Geology | Study of the Earth’s crust; coal, oil, gas, and resources |
| Oceanography | Study of ocean, freshwater and hydrosphere |
| Meteorology | Study of weather |
| Astronomy | Study of outer space |
| Environmental science | Study of human involvement in Earth Science |
| Engineering | Application of science to solving problems |
| Why is science “dynamic”? | It is always changing and the background depends on the perspective of the person [ex. evolutionist, biologist, geologist] |
| What are the parts of the scientific method? | problem: question to be investigated; hypothesis: educated guess; based on research, background knowledge; experiment: test hypothesis; conclusion: summary of information collected; publish/peer review: provides accountability in science |
| Observation | Information gathered using senses and instruments/tools |
| Inference | Use of observations to make conclusions; correlation, extending data, generalization |
| Measurements | Observations made using instruments; improves senses with technology (ex. temperature) |
| Instruments | Things used to extend our senses |
| Five senses | Touch, sight, hearing, smell & taste |
| Independent variable | Variable we control |
| Dependent variable | Variable controlled/measured by independent variable |
| Control group | “normal” situation used for comparison |
| Exponential or scientific notation | Large numbers written in a mathematical shorthand |
| Percent deviation | Percent error; way of comparing a measurement to an accepted value |
| Coordinate system | Graphing using an x and y axis |
| Density | Property of matter; ratio of mass to volume |
| Mass | Quantity of matter in an object |
| Volume | Amount of space an object occupies |
| Variables | Factors changed; observed in experiment |
| Accuracy | Accepted answer (bull’s eye) |
| Precision | Same answer each time (grouping) |
| Percent Deviation formula | % error = accepted value-measured value/accepted value X 100 |
| Scientific models | Representations of objects, events or processes |
| Physical models | 3D-look like real thing, scaled down or up |
| Conceptual models | Verbal-written or graphical shows how something works or it is organized |
| Mathematical models | Equations and formulas |
| Computer models | Fit into many areas; easier to manipulate |
| Hypothesis | prove or disprove; may not be able to prove 100% |
| Theory | Summarize hypothesis; supported by repeated testing; valid as long as NO evidence to dispute it; can be disproved; “an accepted hypothesis” |
| Law | Body of observations with no known exceptions (ex. gravity); there are no proofs that cannot be disputed; no absolute truths |
Created by:
vbarbis
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