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Chapter 13

Clues to Earth's Past

QuestionAnswer
permineralized remains fossils in which the spaces inside are filled with minerals from groundwater
carbon film thin film of carbon residue preserved as a fossil
mold a type of body fossil that forms in rock when an organism with hard parts is buried, decays, or dissolves, and leaves a cavity in the rock.
cast a type of body fossil that forms when cystals fill a mold or sediments wash into a mold and harden into rock
index fossil remains of species that existed on Earth for a relatively short period of time, were abundant and widespread geographically, and can be used by geoloists to assign the ages of rock layers
principle of superposition states that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the rocks become progressively younger toward the top.
fossil remains, imprints, or traces of prehistoric organisms that can tell when and where organisms once lived and how they lived
relative age the age of something compared with other things
unconformity gap in the rock layer that is due to erosion or periods without any deposition
absolute age age, in years, of a rock or other object; can be determined by using properties of the atoms that make up materials
radioactive decay process in which some isotopes break down into other isotopes and particles
half-life time it takes for half the atoms of an isotope to decay
radiometric dating process used to calculate the absolute age of rock by measuring the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral and knowing the half-life of the parent
uniformitarianism principle stating that Earth processes occurring today are similiar to those that occurred in the past
Created by: aereed
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