Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
FNP~Neuro
Dx and Management
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CN I...name, major function, type | Olfactory...smell...sensory |
| CN II...name, major fucnction, type | Optic...vision...sensory |
| CN III...name, major function, type | Oculomotor...most EOM's, opening eyelids, papillary constriction...motor |
| CN IV...name, major function, type | Trochlear...down and inward eye motion...motion |
| CN V...name, major function, type | Trigeminal...muscles of mastication; sensation of face, scalp, cornea, mucus membranes and nose...both |
| CN VI...name, major function, type | Abducens...lateral eye movement...motor |
| CN VII...name, major function, type | Facial...move face, close mouth and eyes, taste (anterior 2/3), saliva, tear secretion...both |
| CN VIII...name, major function, type | Acoustic...hearing and equilibrium...sensory |
| CN IX...name, major function, type | Glossopharyngeal...phonation, swallowing, taste (posterior 1/3), gag reflex, carotid reflex...both |
| CN X...name, major function, type | Vagus...talking, swallowing, genreal sensation from the carotid body, carotid reflex...both |
| CN XI...name, major function, type | Spinal accessory...movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscles (shrugging shoulders)...motor |
| CN XII...name, major function, type | Hypoglossal...moves tongue...motor |
| What is the most common type of H/A? | tension (90%) |
| Most common s/sx of tension H/A | ~vice-like or tight in quality ~may be most intense around the neck or back of the head~usually bialteral~ |
| What are migraine H/A r/t? | "dilation" and excessive pulsation of branches of the external carotid artery |
| Two categories of migraines | classic (aura) and common (w/o aura) |
| T/F: migraines are more common in females | True |
| Prophylactic daily therapy for migraine may consist of one of the following: | ~Popranolol (Inderal)-BB ~Amitriptyline (Elavil) ~Imipramine (Tofranil) ~Verampamil (Calan)-CCB ~Topiramate (Topomax)-anti sz (new) |
| Management of an acute migraine attack... | Sumatriptan (Imitrax) po or sq (if N/V) |
| What age group do cluster H/A mostly affect? | middle-aged men |
| What is cluster H/A characterized by? | severe, unilateral, periorbital pain occuring for several weeks; *nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and eye redness, "hot poker in the eye" |
| T/F: cluster H/A usually last less than 2 hours? | True |
| Management of cluster H/A... | ~Sumatriptan (Imitrex) 6mg SQ ~Ergotamine (Ergostat) inhalant may be effective |
| What is a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)? | periods of acute cerebral insufficiency lasting less than 24 hours w/o any residual deficits |
| Some causes of TIA are... | ~atherosclerosis ~thrombus ~arterial occlusion ~embolus ~intracerebral hemorrhage OR ~cardio-embolic event (A-Fib, acute MI, endocarditis, valve dz) |
| Vertebrovasilar TIA is a result of... | indadequate blood flow from vertebral arteries; presentation includes: ~vertigo ~ataxia ~dizziness ~visual field deficits ~ weakness ~confusion, etc. |
| Carotid TIA is a result of... | carotid stenosis; presenting sx's include: ~aphasia ~dyarthria ~altered LOC ~weakness ~numbness, etc. |
| Management of TIA... | Antiplt: ASA, Plavix, Ticlid; assess for HTN = #1 cause of heart failure |
| What are the 2 types of Partial (focal, local) sz's | Simple and Complex |
| T/F: simple partial sz are common with cerebral lesions | True |
| T/F: there IS a LOC with simple partial sz | True |
| Complex partial sz are simple partial sz followed by... | an impaired LOC |
| Sinple partial sz usually last how long | < 1 minute |
| Motor sx's starting in a single muscle group and spreading to an entire side of the body is which Partial Sz | Simple |
| Possible aura, staring, lip smacking and picking at clothing may be seen in which type of Partial Sz | Complex |
| Parasthesias, flashing lights, vocalizations, hallucinations are commonly seen in which Partial Sz | Simple |
| What are the 2 types of Generalized Sz's | Absence & Tonic-clonic |
| Another name for Absence Sz | peitite mal |
| Another name for Tonic-clonic Sz | grand mal |
| Absence (petit mal) is more common in adults or children | children |
| How long does a Tonic-clonic (grand mal) sz last | usually 2-5 minutes |
| Describe Absence (petit mal) Sz | suddent arrest of motor activity with blank stare; begin and end suddenly |
| Describe Tonic-clonic (grand mal) Sz | ~begins with tonic contraction (repetitive involuntary contractionof muscle) ~loss of consciousness then clonic contractions (maintained involuntary contraction of muscle) |
| Which Generalized Sz is followed by a postictal period | Tonic-clonic (grand mal) |
| What is Status Epilepticus | series of grand mal sz's of >10 minutes duration; may occur when awake or sleep, but never regains consciousness in between; most uncommon but most life threatening |
| Most important test for classification of sz | EEG |
| Sz assessment should include... | ~aura ~onset ~type of movement ~body parts involved ~pupil changes & reactivity ~duration ~loss/LOC ~incontinence ~behavior and neuro changes after sz cessation |
| Maintenance Sz meds: | ~Carbamazepine (Tegretol) ~Phenytoin (Dilantin) ~Phenobarbital (Luminal) ~Valporic Acid (Depakene) ~Primidone (Mysoline) ~Clonazepan (Klonopin) |
| Parkinson's is due to "not enough" or "too much" Dopamine? | NOT enough |
| What is Parkinson's | degenrative CNS d/o characterized by any combo of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia or progressive postural instability; mild intellect deterioraton often seen |
| Usual age onset of Parkinson's | 45-65yo |
| Management of Parkinson's... | ~increase available dopamine: Carbidopa-Levodopa (Sinemet) ~alleviate tremor and rigidity: Benztropine (Cogentin), Trihexyphenidyl (Artane) |
| What is Myasthenia Gravis... | an autoimmune d/o resulting in muscle weakness from impaired impulse transmission sns muscle action potentials; weakness is usually worse after exercise and better after rest; reduction of acetylcholine |
| Prominent age for Myasthenia Gravis | 20-40yo, but can occur at any age |
| Peak incidence of Myasthenia Gravis for males/females | 5th and 6th decade for males; 3rd decade for females |
| Does Myasthenia Gravis occur more in males or females | Females |
| Most prominent s/sx's of Myasthenia Gravis | visual changes and extremity weakness |
| What antibodies are found in serum | acetylcholine in 80-90% of pts |
| What is MS? | neurologic d/o characterized by episodic sx's including sensory abnormalities, visual distrubances, and weakness with or w/o spasticity |
| Greatest age of MS incidence | young adults usually <55 |
| MS is most common in persons of what descent | European |
| Common sx's of MS... | ~weakness, nubmness, tingling in a limb ~spastic paraparesis ~ diplopia ~disequilibrium ~urinary urgency or hesitancy |
| MS PE findings... | ~optic atrophy ~nystagmus ~sensory deficits in some or all limbs |
| Bell's Palsy is... | a condition of lower motor neuron facial paresis, frequently resolving completely w/o tx |
| Which cranial nerve is involved with Bell's Palsy? | CN VII |
| Management of Bell's Palsy... | ~Prednisone ~lubricating eye gtts ~r/o lyme's dz ~refer to nuero as needed |
| Tension-type H/A usually lasts... | 30 mins to 7 days (usually 1-24hrs) |
| Migraine w/o aura usually lasts... | 4-72 hours |
| Characteristics of migraine w/o aura are... | usually unilateral~pulsating~aggravation by normal activity |
| Cluster H/A usually last... | lasting several weeks to months, then disappear for months to years |
| A serious complication of "giant cell arteritis" is... | blindness |
| Long term tx for an older person with "giant cell arteritis" may be... | long-term systemic therapy (1 1/2-2yrs) |
Created by:
KimmiNP
Popular Nursing sets