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CH 25 nationalism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what two events led to new nationalist movements for unification of italy? | 1.french revolution 2.congress of vienna |
| who were the important leaders in the fight for italian unification? | mazzini, cavour, garibaldi |
| why did the kingdom of sardinia take the lead in italian unification? | only independent state |
| how did italy become unified under the kingdom of sardinia? | plebiscite |
| italian nationalist movement whose goals were liberation and unification | risorgimento |
| secret society of italian nationalists | carbonari |
| leader of the carbonari | mazzini |
| king of sardinia | victor emmanuel II |
| king victor emmanuel's chief minister | cavour |
| leader of the southern itailian nationalist movement; used the "expedition of the thousand" to conquer southern italy which helped to unify italy | garibaldi |
| italys capital | rome |
| why did unification not result in stability for italy right away? | industrial- north agricultural- south |
| who was involved in the danish war? | prussia, austria, denmark |
| what was the cause of the danish war? | annexation of schlewig & holstein |
| what was the outcome of the danish war? | prussia controls schleswig and austria controls holstein |
| who was involved in the seven weeks war? | prussia vs. austria |
| what was the cause of the seven weeks war? | schleswig and holstein (again) |
| what was the outcome of the seven weeks war? | prussia defeats austria in 7 weeks. whole world sees prussia as a military fright |
| who was involved in the FP (franco-prussian) War? | french vs. prussia |
| what was the cause of the FP War? | bismarck and the telegram |
| what was the outcome of the FP war? | prussia defeated the french, united german empirer |
| how did prussia replace austria as the leading german state in europe? | war |
| how did german unification differ from italian unification? | less democratic, more milateristic |
| after unification what was the makeup of the german government? (emperor) | king william I |
| after unification what was the makeup of the german government? (chief minister) | bismarck |
| after unification what was the makeup of the german government? (upper house) | bundesrat |
| after unification what was the makeup of the german government? (lower house) | reichstag |
| where was the german empire's capital? | berlin |
| aristocratic landoweners who called ofr economic reforms | junkers |
| economic union of german states that led to lower and more uniform prices and increased industrialization | zollverein |
| king of prussia; later kaiser of the german empire (deutsches Reich) | king william I |
| list the factors that led ot germany becoming an industrial giant | natural resources (coal & iron), railroads, canals, advanced machinery |
| how did bismarck help germany become an industrial giant? | postal services, cartels, banking laws standardized |
| why was it an advantage for germany to industrialize later than other european nations? | most advanced methods |
| what social reforms did bismarck institute for workers? | limited working hours, holidays, pensions, health insurance |
| who forced bismarck to resign? | william II |
| what factors made it difficult for russia to industrialize? | undeveloped resources |
| what factors made unification difficult in russia? | diversity of ethnic groups |
| what position ruled the russian empire | czar |
| what type of government ruled the russian empire | autocrat |
| how did nicholas I try to force non-russian citizens to become more russian? | russification |
| what method was used to increase russian influence in the balkans? | pan slavism |
| which czar's actions moved russia toward modernization? | alexander I |
| list alexander II's reforms | emancipation edict (freed serfs), court system, limited power of secret beliefs, press got greater freedom, expanded education, reorganized military |
| padical russians who used terrorism to force the government to grant its demand | people's will |
| how did alexander II's reign end? | assacinated |
| what was bloody sunday? | triggered revolution of 1905 |
| what did the october manifesto provide? | individual liberties, duma |
| descendants of nomadic warriors from russia and romania who were a significant portion of the hungarian population | magyers |
| what was austria's response to hungarian demands for independence? | formed duel- monarchy |
| what did the dual monarchy provide for each territory? | allowed a common ruler but 2 separate parliaments |
| what economic difference was there between austria and hungary? | austria-- industrial hungary-- agricultural |
| which empire ruled the balkans in the 1800s? | ottoman empire |
| which country gained independence in 1829? | greece |
| which group did the russians support in the fight for independence? | balkans |
| why did the russians support the balkans? | slavs & orthodox christians |
| who did great britain support in the fight of r independence? | turks |
| why did great britain support the turks? | didnt want russia to rule |
| what remained of the ottoman empire after the balkan wars? | constantinople |
Created by:
maddie07