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Bio230 Ch 17 Quiz

Essential Cell Biology: Cytoskeleton

QuestionAnswer
1)Which of the following is the following is the main function of intermediate filaments? To enable cells to withstand the mechanical stress that occurs when cells are stretched.
2)Which is the toughest and most durable of the three types of cytoskeletal filaments? Intermediate filaments
3)Intermediate filaments are found in what structure? Desmosomes
4)Intermediate filaments are? rope-like structures
5)Which of the following types of intermediate filaments are found in all animal cells? Nuclear lamins
6)Keratins are NOT found in? bones
7)Which of the following cytoskeletal structures grows out from a centrosome toward the cell periphery? Microtubules
8)Which of the following cytoskeletal structures provides tracks for guiding intracellular transport? Microtubules
9)Which of the following cytoskeletal structures makes up the mitotic spindle? Microtubules
10)Microtubules are? hollow tubes.
11)In a centrosome, which structures serve as nucleation sites for formation of microtubules? y-tubulin rings
12)Which end of a microtubule is embedded in the centrosome? The minus end
13)Dynamic instability in microtubules stems from the intrinsic capacity of tubulin molecules to hydrolyze? GTP
14)The end of a growing microtubule is rich in which type of tubulin molecule? GTP-associated tubulin molecules
15)If GTP hydrolysis occurs on a tubulin molecule at the plus end of a microtubule protofilament before another tubulin molecule is added, what typically happens to the microtubule? The microtubule depolymerizes.
16)The centrosome relies on microtubule assembly and disassembly to locate chromosomes in the cytoplasm. True or False? True
17)the drug Taxol binds tightly to microtubules and prevents them from depolymerizing. The drug Colchicine binds tightly to free tubulin and prevents its polymerization into microtubules. Which of these drugs arrests dividing cells in mitosis? Both
18)Kinesin and dynein motor proteins each use the energy of ____to power the movements ____ along microtubules. ATP hydrolysis, in a single direction
19)In eukaryotic flagellum, the bending of microtubules is driven by? the motor protein ciliary dynein.
20)Which of the following describes the structure of an actin filament? It is a twisted chain of actin molecules.
21)The hydrolysis of bound ATP to ADP in an actin filament____the strength of binding between monomers in the filament. decreases
22)The concentration of actin monomers is high in the cytosol. What keeps these monomers from polymerizing totally into filaments? The monomers are bound by proteins that prevent their polymerization.
23)in eukaryotic cells, the cell cortex is made of? a network of actin filaments
24)What is the name of the thin sheetlike structures that a fibroblast regularly extends during cell crawling? Lamellipodia
25) Cell crawling depends on? actin polymerization.
26) Myosins are motor proteins that use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move along actin filaments. True or False? True
27) The long fibers of a skeletal muscle are? one large cell with many nuclei.
28) During muscle contraction, the myosin and actin filaments do not change in length. True or False? True
29) Inside a muscle fiber, what triggers sarcomeres to contract? A sudden rise in intracellular Ca+2.
30) Which organelle sequesters Ca2+ inside muscle fibers? The sarcoplasmic reticulum
31) When a muscle is stimulated to contract, what does calcium bind to? calcium binds to troponin which moves the tropomyosin that otherwise blocks the interaction of actin and myosin.
32) Contraction in smooth muscle cells depend on which one of the following activation steps? Ca+2-activated phosphorylation of myosin-II
Created by: Liwa91
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