Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nutrition CH6 - WK3
Energy Balance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Voluntary work and exercise | all activities you choose to do (moving your body) - Seems to require most of the energy output, but is usually not the case |
| Involuntary work requirements | includes all activities of the body that are not consciously performed - Circulation, respiration, digestion, absorption |
| Chemical energy requirements | in many metabolic products |
| Electrical energy requirements | in brain and nerve activities |
| Mechanical energy requirements | in muscle contraction |
| Thermal energy requirements | to keep the body warm – works off of the other 3 requirements |
| Only three energy-containing nutrients | Carbohydrate is primary fuel Fat assists as storage fuel Protein is a back-up fuel source |
| Calorie | Amount of energy in food or expended in physical actions (energy needs) |
| Kilocalorie (1000 calories or 1 Calorie) | Amount of heat necessary to raise 1 kg of water 1° Centigrade |
| Carbohydrate kcals | 4 kcal/g |
| Fat kcals | 9 kcal/g |
| Protein kcals | 4 kcal/g |
| Alcohol kcals | 7 kcal/g |
| Density definition | The degree of concentration of material in a given substance – fat is the highest concentration |
| Caloric density definition | Concentration of energy in a given amount of food |
| Nutrient density definition | Concentration of all nutrients in a given amount of food |
| Energy intake: Three macronutrients are stored as | Glycogen (lasts 12-24 hours in body) Adipose tissue Muscle mass |
| Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) | 60-75% of BEE go to GI system; requires complete physical rest (difficult to achieve) |
| Uses the most energy (in order) | GI, Heart, brain, kidneys, liver and lungs |
| RMR | resting metabolic rate |
| BMR | basal metabolic rate |
| How are resting metabolic rate (RMR) or basal metabolic rate (BMR) measured? | Indirect calorimetry – amount of energy a person uses @ rest – rate based on the rate of oxygen utilized |
| Thyroid function test | Measures the activity of the thyroid gland and the blood levels of the hormone thyroxine -thyroxine helps regulate metabolism |
| Iodine | (synthesis of thyroxine) is a key part of thyroxine – ingesting too much or too little can cause hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism |
| General formula for calculating RMA | Men: 1 kcal x kg body weight x 24 hours Women: 0.9 kcal x kg body weight x 24 hours |
| Lean body mass | muscles and organs -Greater metabolic activity in lean tissues |
| Growth periods | Growth hormone stimulates cell metabolism and raises BMR – burn more energy; Infancy, adolescence, pregnancy |
| Body temperature | Fever increases BMR |
| Influencing Basal Metabolic Rate | Lean body mass, growth periods, body temperature, hormonal status |
| Thermic Effect of Food | fter eating, food stimulates metabolism Extra energy for digestion, absorption, and transport is required. This stimulating effect is called the thermic effect of food (TEF). 5% to 10% of the body’s total energy needs for metabolism relate to the proce |
| Total Energy Requirement | Resting energy expenditure + Physical activity + TEF |
| DRIs | Dietary Reference Intakes - recommendations for energy intake based on gender, age, and other considerations |
Created by:
MarieG
Popular Nursing sets