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Musc abnorm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | inflamed vertebral disks; ligaments ossify; eventual fusion and deformity vertebral column |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | age 20-40; low back pain; hips and shoulders; pain fluctuate side to side |
| Ankylosing Spondylitis | restriction lumbar flexion; later limited ROM shoulders, hips, knees; uveitis |
| Lumbosacral Radiculopathy (Herniated lumbar disc) | commonly L4, L5, S1; ages 31-50; degenerative changes |
| Lumbosacral Radiculopathy (Herniated lumbar disc) | assoc. lifting heavy objects; low back pain c radiation to buttocks/posterior thigh & down leg; pain relief when lying down |
| Lumbosacral Radiculopathy (Herniated lumbar disc) | spasm/tenderness paraspinal; difficulty heel or toe walking; numbness/ tingling/weakness involved ext |
| Lumbar Stenosis | Canal narrowing bone and ligament hypertrophy; possible entrapment of spinal cord |
| Lumbar Stenosis | pain walking/standing; buttocks radiate down legs; relief with sitting |
| Lumbar Stenosis | early stages neuro exam norm; focal weakness or sensory loss later |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | compression nerve in flexor tendon sheath; d/t microtrauma/edema/rep motion/vibration |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | numbness/burning/tingling often at night; elicited by rotational movements wrist; pain may radiate to arms |
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | weakness of hand; flattening of thenar eminence |
| Gout | monosodum urate crystal deposition in joints and surrounding tissue |
| Gout | sudden onset hot/swollen joint; limited ROM; men >40; postmen women; prox phal great toe/wrists/ ankles/knees /hands |
| Gout | skin red or purple/shiny; chronic gout form tophi (uric acid crystals) Lyme Disease |
| Lyme Disease | fatigue, anorexia, HA; 3 phases |
| Lyme Disease | eryethma migrans, expanding rash with central clearing; arthritis, neuro symptoms (facial palsy, mening., encheph.) |
| TMJ(Tempormandigular Joint Syndrome) | congenital abnorm, malocclusion, trauma, arthr, etc |
| TMJ(Tempormandigular Joint Syndrome) | unilat face pain worse c joint movement, any point face and neck |
| TMJ(Tempormandigular Joint Syndrome) | muscle spasms; clicking, popping, or crepitus |
| Osteomyelitis | open wound or sys inf; purulent matter thru cortex of bone to soft tissue;< blood flow to bone = necrosis |
| Osteomyelitis | dull pain at site and progresses, a limp or < movement infants |
| Osteomyelitis | signs of inf |
| Bursitis | due to repetitive movement and excessive pressure; also d/t infection or gout |
| Bursitis | common sites |
| Bursitis | limited motion d/t swelling & pain on movement, pt. tenderness, erythematous /warm site; soreness radiate to tend |
| Paget Diseas (Osteitis Deformans) | metabolic disorder of bone; >45 yrs old; excessive bone resorption & bone formation = mosaic pattern lamellar bone |
| Paget Diseas (Osteitis Deformans) | skull often affected produce vertigo & HA, progressive deafness involvement of ossicles) |
| Paget Diseas (Osteitis Deformans) | bowed tibias, misshapen pelvis, prominent skull forhead, freq. fx's |
| Fibromyalgia | nonarticular condition, women > 40, unknown etiology |
| Fibromyalgia | widespread pain/aching; persistent fatigue; morning stiffness; may accomp. HA, IBS, insomnia, dysmenorrhea |
| Fibromyalgia | multipe tender pts >11 bilat sites |
| osteoarthritis | cartilage abrasion, pitting, and thinning bone surfaces exposed; bones grind together remodeling and formation new bone |
| osteoarthritis | hands/feet/hips/knees/cervical or lumbar; onset after 40; nearly 100% over age 75 |
| osteoarthritis | joints enlarged d/t bone growths (osteophytes); crepitus & limited/painful ROM |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | inflamed synovial tissue and fluid; cause unknown; leuko aggregate; inflamm cytokines and enz cause damage to bone |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | onset insidious symm; pain/stiffness in AM or inactivity; fatigue/myalgias/wt loss/low-grade fever |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | hands/wrists/feet/ankles/hips/knees/cervical spine; synovitis soft tissue swelling; nodules and deformities later |
| Muscle Strain | d/t excessive stretching or forceful contraction |
| Muscle Strain | improper warm up, fatigue, prev injury; severity from mild intrafibrinous tear to muscle rupture |
| Muscle Strain | temporary muscle weakness, spasm, pain, contusion |
| Dislocation | pressure or force pushing bone out of socket |
| Dislocation | acute trauma, easily in pts with hyperextensibility conditions |
| Dislocation | deformity and inability to use ext or joint |
| Fracture | from trauma (direct, indirect, twisting, crushing) |
| Fracture | acute trauma, more easily in patients with bone disorders |
| Fracture | deformity, pain, loss of function, color changes, paresthesia |
| Tenosynovitis (Tendonitis) | inflammation synovium lined sheath around tendon, repetitive actions, inflammatory conditions such as RA |
| Tenosynovitis (Tendonitis) | pain with movement; shoulder, knee, heel, wrist |
| Tenosynovitis (Tendonitis) | point tenderness, pain with active movement and some limited movement of joint |
| Rotator Cuff Tear | d/t degeneration of muscle & tendon rep overhead lifting; most often supraspinatus |
| Rotator Cuff Tear | pain in shoulder & deltoid area; can awaken pt at night |
| Rotator Cuff Tear | inability to maintain lat raised arm against resist; tenderness over acromioclavicular joint; grating sound, crepitus |
| Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus) | genetic, external influences in final trimester |
| Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus) | characteristic deformity obvious |
| Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus) | inversion of foot at ankel and plantar flexion with toes lower than heel |
| Metatarsus Adductus (Metatarsus Varus) | most common congent defor; intrauterine positioning; angulation at tarsometatarsal joint |
| Metatarsus Adductus (Metatarsus Varus) | obvious def, heal and ankle uninvolved, resolves at 6 months few need casting |
| Metatarsus Adductus (Metatarsus Varus) | lat border foot is convex, crease sometimes apparent medial border of foot |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | avascular necrosis of femoral head; decreased blood supply femoral head; cause unknown |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | boys age 3-11, medial thigh, knee or groin; bilat involvement in 10% |
| Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease | limp that is painless or antalgic; loss of int rotation, abduction & |
| Slipped Captial Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) | slips over neck of femur; 8-19 yrs of age; 75% is unilat.; L more than R; obesity at higher risk |
| Slipped Captial Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) | child/adolescent with knee pain and limp |
| Slipped Captial Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) | commonly obese, taller than most, leg weakness, reduced internal hip rot; plain radiograph shows slippage |
| Muscular Dystrophy | group of genetic disordes grad. degen mus fibers; prog weakness; atrophy or pseudohypertrophy; skeletal muscles & heart |
| Muscular Dystrophy | can be mild; ofter severe disability/deformity/death; early signs clumsiness, difficulty on stairs, freq falls |
| Muscular Dystrophy | mus atrophy, weakness, waddling gait; positive Gower sign |
| Osgood-Schlatter Disease | traction apophysitis ant aspect tibial tubercle; assoc inflamm ant patellar tendon; boys 9-15 |
| Osgood-Schlatter Disease | limp, knee pain |
| Osgood-Schlatter Disease | knee swelling aggrav by strenuous activity; esp prominent with activity involving quads |
| Scoliosis | def of spine; concave curvature of ant vert bodies, convex post curves, lat rotation of spine; no known cause |
| Scoliosis | mostly girls prog early adolescence; back discomfort with leg lenth discrepancy |
| Scoliosis | in severe def pts with uneven shoulder and hip levels; phys alterations occur in spine, chest, pelvis |
| Radial Head Subluxation (Nursemaid's Elbow) | dislocation injury; jerking arm upward; tears margin of annular ligament around radial head |
| Radial Head Subluxation (Nursemaid's Elbow) | age 1-4; refuses to move arm |
| Radial Head Subluxation (Nursemaid's Elbow) | holds arm flexed and pronated, supination is resisted |
| Osteoperosis | < bone mass d/t bone resorption more rapid than deposition; fragile susceptible to spontaneous fx's |
| Osteoperosis | loss of height, acute painful fx; fx sites hip, vertebrae, wrist |
| Osteoperosis | lose hight, < abdominothoracic space; vert compression fx leads to dyphosis or scoliosis |
| Dupuytren Contracture | contractures involving flexor hand tendons; cause unknown; hereditary? |
| Dupuytren Contracture | flexion contractures insidiously; >40; more in men |
| Dupuytren Contracture | generally 4th & 5th digits contract causing fingers to curl; tendons easily palpable |
Created by:
lfager
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