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E.S. Ch.13 vocab
Chapter 13 Vocabulary Practice Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemical weathering | process that involve the chemical alteration of rock in such a manner that it is more likely to fragment or to be dissolved |
| contour farming | a method of tilling and planting at right angles to the slope, which reduces soil erosion by runoff |
| crust | the outer, solid surface of the earth |
| erosion | the processes that losen and move particles from one place to another |
| friability | the ability of a soil to crumble |
| horizon | a horizontal layer in the soil. the top layer (A horizon) has organic material. the lowyer layer (B horizon) receives nutrients by leaching. the C horizon is partially weathered parent material |
| humus | soil organic material |
| land | the surface of the earth not covered by water |
| leaching | the movement of minerals from the A horizon to the B horizon by the downward movement of soil water |
| loam | a soil type with good drainage and good texture that is ideal for growing crops |
| mantle | the layer of the earth between the crust and the core |
| mechanical weathering | physical forces that reduce the size of rock particles without changing the chemical nature of the rock |
| parent material | material that is weathered to become the mineral part of the soil |
| plate tectonics | the concept that the outer surface of the earth consits of large plates that are slowly moving over the surface of a plastic layer |
| soil | a mixture of mineral material, organic matter, air, water, and living organisms; capable of supproting plant growth |
| soil profile | the series of layers (horizons) seen as one digs into the soil |
| soil structure | refers to the way that soil particles clump together. sand has little structure because the particles do not stick one to another |
| soil texture | refers to the size of the particles that make up the soil. sandly soil has large particles, and clay has small particles |
| strip farming | the planting of crops in strips that alternate with other crops. the primary purpose is to reduce erosion |
| terrace | a level area constructed on steep slopes to allow agriculture without extensive erosion |
| waterways | low areas that water normally flows through |
| weathering | the physical and chemical breakdown of materials; involved in the breakdown of parent material in the soil formation |
| windbreak | the planting of trees or strips or grasses at right angles to the prevailing wing to reduce erosion of soil by wind |
Created by:
rburrier
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