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ES Chapter 23 Leach
ES Chapter 23 The Atmosphere Coach Leach
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albedo | percent of solar radiation reflected by a surface |
| atmospheric pressure | ratio of the force of the air to the area of the surface on which it presses |
| barometer | instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
| climate | general weather conditions over many years |
| conduction | type of energy transfer in which vibrating molecules pass heat along to other vibrating molecules by direct contact |
| convection cell | looping pattern of flowing air |
| doldrums | narrow zone of low air pressure at the equator characterized by weak and undependable winds |
| electromagnetic spectrum | complete range of wavelengths of radiation |
| exosphere | layer of the atmosphere above the ionosphere that merges with interplanetary space |
| greenhouse effect | process by which the atmosphere traps infrared rays over the earth's surface |
| horse latitudes | subtropical high-pressure belt of air, around 30 degrees latitude |
| ionosphere | lower region of the thermosphere, at an altitude of 80 to 550 km |
| jet streams | band of high-speed, high-altitude westerly winds |
| mesopause | upper boundary of the mesosphere, marked by an increase in temperature |
| mesosphere | coldest layer of the atmosphere that extends upward from the stratosphere to an altitude of about 80km |
| nitrogen cycle | process in which nitrogen moves from the air to the soil to animals and back to the air |
| ozone | form of atmospheric oxygen that has three atoms per molecule |
| polar easterlies | weak global winds located north of 65 degrees north latitude and south of 65 degrees south latitude that flow away from the poles |
| standard atmospheric pressure | the atmospheric pressure measured at sea level; 760 mm of mercury |
| stratopause | hi-temperature zone that marks the upper boundary of the stratosphere |
| stratosphere | layer of the atmosphere that extends upward from the troposphere to an altitude of 50km; contains most atmospheric ozone |
| subpolar low | belt of low air pressure at about 60 degrees north and 60 degrees south latitude |
| temperature inversion | atmospheric condition in which warm air traps cooler air near the earth's surface |
| thermosphere | the atmospheric layer above the mesosphere |
| trade winds | global winds flowing toward the equator between 30 degrees and 0 degrees latitude |
| tropopause | upper boundary of the troposphere in which the temperature remains almost constant |
| troposphere | atmospheric layer closest to the earth's surface where nearly all weather occurs |
| weather | general condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place |
| westerlies | global winds located between 40 degrees and 60 degrees latitude that flow from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the nortwest in the Southern Hemisphere |
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CoachLeach
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