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5 Med Term
Digestive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| -crine | secrete |
| -occult | secret, hidden |
| aphth/o | ulceration |
| peps/o | to digest, digesting |
| aden/o | gland |
| rug/o | rugae |
| hilath/o | breath |
| aliment/o | nutrition |
| cirrh/o | orange-yellow |
| tom/o | section, cutting |
| -iatric | pertaining to treatment |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| leiomy/o | smooth (visceral) muscle |
| amyl/o | starch |
| -chezi | condition of stools |
| man/o | scanty, thin |
| dyspepsia | feeling of epigastric discomfort that occurs shortly after eating |
| pyrosis | burning sensation in esophagus |
| esophageal atresia | esophagus that ends in a blind pouch and therefore lacks an opening into the stomach |
| Hirschsprung disease | absence of normal nervous function in part of the colon, results in an absence of peristaltic movement |
| pyloric stenosis | condition in which the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine narrows or fails to open adequately |
| aphthous stomatitis | small erosions (ulcers), which appear on the mucous membranes of the mouth. |
| Cheilitis | inflammation of the lips. |
| Cheilosis | Abnormal condition of the lips present in riboflavin (a B vitamin) deficiency |
| herpetic stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) |
| Leukoplakia | Condition of white patches that may appear on the lips and buccal mucosa |
| Malocclusion | Condition in which the teeth do not touch properly when |
| periodontal disease | Pathologic condition of the tissues surrounding the teeth. |
| Pyorrhea | Purulent discharge from the tissue surrounding the teeth; often seen inrith pinsivitis |
| Achalasia | lmpairment of esophageal peristalsis along with the lower esophageal sphincte/s inability to relax. Also called cardiospasm, esophageal aperistalsis (a per rih STALL sis), and megaesophagus. |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty with swallowing that may be due to an obstruction (e.g., a tumor) or a motor disorder (e.8., a spasm). |
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | Flowing back, or return, of the contents of the stomach to the esophagus caused by an inability of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to contract normally; characterized by pyfosis with or without regurgitation of stomach contents to the mouth (Fig. 5 |
| Gastralgia | gastric pain. Also called gastrodynia |
| Gastritis | Acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach that may be accompanied by anorexia, nausea and vomiting, or indigestion. |
| peptic ulcer disease (PUD) | An erosion of the protective mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum. Also called a gastric or duodenal ulcer. |
| anal fissure | Cracklike lesion of the skin around the anus. |
| anorectal abscess | Circumscribed area of inflammation in the anus or rectum, containing pus. |
| appendicitis | lnflammation of the vermiform appendix |
| colitis | lnflammation of the large intestine. |
| Crohn disease | lnflammation of the ileum or the colon that is of idiopathic origin. Also calted regional or granulomatous enteritis |
| diverticulitis | lnflammation occurring secondary to the occurrence of diverticulosis. |
| Diverticulosis | Development of diverticula, pouches in the lining of the colon |
| fistula | Abnormal channel between organs or from an internal organ to the surface of the body. |
| hemorrhoid | Varicose vein in the lower rectum or anus. |
| Lleus | Obstruction. Paralytic ileus is lack of peristaltic movement in the intestinal tract. Also called adynamic ileus |
| inflammatory bowel disease (lBD) | Chronic inflammation of the lining of the intestine characterized by bleeding and diarrhea. |
| intussusception | lnward telescoping of the intestines. |
| mucositis | inflammation of the mucous membranes. gastrointestinal mucositis may be an adverse effect of chemotherapy and can occur throughout the Gl tract. |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum that most commonly occurs when an inflamed appendix ruptures |
| polyp | Benign growth that may occur in the intestines. |
| Proctitis | inflammation of the rectum and anus. Also called rectitis |
| pruritus ani | Common chronic condition of itching of the skin surrounding the anus |
| Ulcerative Colitis | Chronic inflammation of the colon and rectum manifesting with bouts of profuse watery diarrhea |
| Volvulus | twisting of the intestine |
| cholangitis | inflammation of the bile vessels. |
| cholecystitis | inflammation of the gallbladder |
| choledocholithiasis | Presence of stones in the common bile duct |
| cholelithiasis | Presence of stones (calculi) in the gallbladder' sometimes characterized by right upper quadrant pain (biliary colic) with nausea and vomiting |
| cirrhosis | Chronic degenerative disease of the liver, most commonly associated with alcohol abuse |
| hepatitis | inflammation disease of the liver that is caused by an increasing number of viruses, alcohol, and drugs. Currently named by letter, hepatitis A |
| hepatitis A | Virus transmitted through direct contact with fecally contaminated food or water. |
| hepatitis B | Virus transmitted through contaminated blood or sexual contact. |
| hepatitis C | Virus transmitted through blood transfusion, percutaneous inoculation, or sharing of infected needles |
| jaundice | Yellowing of the skin and sclerae (whites of the eyes) caused by elevated levels of bilirubin |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the Pancreas |
| femoral hernia | protrusion of a loop of intestine through the femoral canal into the groin |
| hiatal hernia | protrusion of a portion of the stomach through the diaphragm |
| incarcerated hernia | Loop of bowel with ends occluded so that solids cannot pass; herniated bowel can become strangulated. Also called an irreducible hernia. |
| inguinal hernia | Protrusion of a loop of intestine into the inguinal canal. |
| strangulation | Constriction of a tubular structure, including intestines, leading to impedance of circulation. |
| umbilical hernia | Protrusion of the intestine and omentum through a weakness in the abdominal wall. Also known as an omphalocele. |
| cystadenoma | Glandular tumors that are filled with cysts, these are the most common benign tumors in the pancreas. |
| hemangioma | The most common type of benign tumor, these are tumors of the blood vessels. |
| leiomyoma | Smooth muscle tumor that may occur in the digestive tract. |
| odontogenic tumor | Benign tumors that arise around the teeth and jaw. |
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