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CUI BIO Test 2

Mitosis/Meiosis

QuestionAnswer
What are homologous chromosomes? 2 chromosomes in a cell with the same sequence of genes (1 from mom and 1 from dad)
What is a karyotype? A picture or list of all the pairs of chromosomes present in a cell
What are sex chromosomes? X and Y 2 in diploid Determine the sex
What autosomal chromosomes? 1-22 44 in human diploid cells All the chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes
What are sex cells? Haploid cells Gametes 1 set or chromosomes
What are somatic cells? Body cells Diploid 2 sets of chromosomes
What are chromatids? Unreplicated chromosome
What is a chromosome? 1 long DNA molecule that contains sequences for specific genes or a pair of identical molecules
What is a replicated chromosome? A chromosome consisting of 2 chromatids
Define diploid 2 sets of chromosomes Somatic cell
Define haploid 1 set of chromosomes Sex cell
Define tetrad A homologous pair of chromosomes that is matched up at the beginning of meiosis Physical pairs
In a human how many homologous chromosomes are there? 23
In a human how many chromatids are there? 92
In a human how many chromatid pairs are there? 46
In a human how many replicated chromosomes are there? 46
In a human how many chromosomes are there? 46
What is the cell cycle? G1 - S - G2 - M 2 phases - Meitosis (M), Interphase (G1, S, G2)
What is G1? (cell cycle) 1st growth phase Unreplicated chromosomes
What is S? (cell cycle) Synthesis phase DNA replication
What is G2? (cell cycle) 2nd growth phase Replicated chromosomes
What is M? (cell cycle) Mitotic phase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
What is interphase? 3 parts - G1, S, G2
Mitosis 1 - Growth 2 - Somatic or Body cells 3 - 2N -> 2N Diploid -> Diploid Two sets -> Two sets
Meiosis 1 - Gamete produced egg/sperm 2 - Germ cell in gonad of animal 3 - 2N -> N Diploid -> Haploid Two sets -> One set
Created by: JamesBogert
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