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Biology3test3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| General Features of Animals | multicellular heterotrops no cell walls active movement (in most) sexual reproduction similar embryonic development across taxa unique tissues (except sponges) |
| Parazoa (without symmetry) | cells aggregates with specialization in function; lack symmetry, tissues and organs |
| Eumetazoa (with symmetry) | all have embryonic layers that from into tissues |
| Diploblastic | 2 tissue types: ectoderm and endoderm |
| Triploblastic | 3 tissue types: ecto, meso and endo |
| Segmentation | basic body 'compartments' |
| Advantages to segmentation | redundant systems locomotion more effient |
| Three types of body cavities | acoelomate, pseduocoelomate, and coelomate |
| Acoelomate | sac like, no body cavity |
| Pseudocoelomate | tube within a tube |
| Coelomate | true body cavity |
| Protostomes | predetermined tissues, blastopore becomes mouth and anus, mesoderm splits and forms coelom |
| Deutrostomes | tissues indeterminate, blastopore becomes anus and second pore becomes mouth. coelom arises from invagination of cells |
| Phylum Porifera | Aggregate cells, gelatenous matrix: can push through mesh and they disassociate (some can reassociate) no symmetry no tissue or organs |
| Feeing in Porifera | food comes in through the osculum |
| Choanocytes | flagellated cells that line canals, trap food and filter, create current then phagocytize food |
| Amobocytes | digest food in the vacuole particles are moved to |
| Support structure of Porifera | saclike, epidermis for protection, epithelial wall, water supports sponges |
| Spicules | Calcium carbonate or silica that strengthen bodies located within mesophyl |
| Reproduction in Porifera | sperm is released out osculum sucked though incurrent canal captured by choanocytes transported to mesophyl where eggs are fertilized embryo expelled through osculum |
| Choanocytes (in reproduction) | can become sperm or eggs |
| Eumetazoans (Cnidaria and Ctenophora) | radial symmetry gastrovascular cavity with single opening most have tentacles distinct tissues but NO ORGANS true tissues DIPLOBLASTIC simplest animals to posses nerves |
| Cnidaria gastrovascular cavity | coelom-like, blind |
| Tentacles | used to capture prety |
| Nematocytes | stinging cells on tentacles; use water pressure have several triggers |
| Triggers for nematocytes | mechanical, chemical and vibration |
| Mesoglea | jelly between gastrodermis and epidermis |
| Polyp | sessile structure can extend outward to collect food |
| Medussa | free swimming mouth and tentacles are underneath |
| Reproduction in Cnidaria | gametes fertilized externally; poly becomes medusa (asexually) medusa is usually the sexual structure budding of polyp is done asexually |
| Adaptations of Cnidaria | nervous system communication between neurons (both directions) nerve net is concentrated around the mouth |
| Major Classe in Cnidaria | Hydrazoa, Scyphozoa, sea anemones and corals |
| Major Classes of Ctenophora | comb jellies (no nematocytes) use cilia for movement |
| Feature of Acoelomates | triploblastic lack body cavity flat bodes, limited mobility limited complexity most monoecious |
| Feeding in Acoelomates | phyarynx sucks food in nutrients diffuse blind gastrovascular cavity intestinal diverticulum |
| Intestinal diverticulum | increase surface area which increases nutrient absorption |
Created by:
missmyk
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