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CP Biology

Post Semester 2 Test

QuestionAnswer
Mutations a change in the nucleotide- base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
Meiosis a process in cell division during when the number of chromosome decreases to half the orignal number by two dividing of the nucleus
segregation to seperate
plasmids are small rings of DNA found naturally in some bacterial cells in addition to the main bacterial chromosomes
Transfer RNA(tRNA) transfers amino acids to the ribosomes to make a protein
Messenger RNA(mRNA) a single stranded RNA molecule that carriers the instructions from a gene to make a protein
Ribosomal RNA(rRNA) part of the structure of ribosomes
Genetic Counseling the process of informing a person or couple about their genetic make up
pedigree a diagram that shows how a trait is inherited over serveral generations
Law of Dominance the dominant form of a trait dominates or prevents the expression of the recessive form
Law of Independent assortment factors seperate independently of one another during the formation of gametes
Sex-Influenced trait involved with other complex characters
Sex-linked trait a trait that is coded for by an allele on a sex chromosome
Punnet Square aid biologists in predicting the probable distribution of inherited traits in the offspring
Phenotype an organism's apperance
Genotype an organism's genetic make up
Crossing-over portions of chromatids may break off and attack the adjacent chromatids on the homologous chromosome
Translation RNA directs the assembly of proteins
DNA Replication DNA is copied in a cell before a cell dividing, mitosis, meiosis, or binary fission
Transcription DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of RNA
Dihybrid Cross a cross in which two characteristics are tracked
What will happen if Nondisjunction occurs? one gamete recieves an extra copy of a chromosome and another gamete receives no copies. Example Down Syndrome
Monohybrid Cross a cross in which only one characteristics are tracked
Created by: burke.khiry
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