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ellis genetics

science genetics adn heredity vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
heredity The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Genetics The study of heredity.
traits a distinguishing quality of physical characteristics that can be passed from one generation to another
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid; contains information to make new cells, and provides instructions for making proteins.
chromosomes a coiled structure of DNA; Hun=man cells contain 23 different pairs of 46 total.
Genes small units or segments of DNA that carries instructions and are passed from parents to offspring; located on chromosomes. Approximately 30,000
alleles Different forms of a signal gene
Inherited characteristics or traits passed from parent to offspring.
offspring next generation of an organism.
dominate trait a trait that observed when at least one dominate allele for the same characteristic are inherited.
Recessive trait a trait the a apparent only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited.
genotype gene combination (letters only: TT or tt).
Phenotype what an organism looks like (photograph)
probability the likelihood that an event will occur.
Homozygous Same gene combination (BB or bb) also called pure traits.
Heterozygous mixed genes (Bb) also called hybrid
Mitosis cell division where each new cell receives a copy of the original chromosomes
meiosis cell division that produces six cells. only contains a total of 23 chromosomes
punnet square chart to show possible gene cobinations.
sexual repoduction 2 parents for an offspring 0.5 from "mom" and 0.5 from "dad". allows for genetic variation
asexual reproduction 1 parent forms an offspring; a exact copy of parent (clone) budding, binary fission.
Created by: 58ellis58
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