Derived from one ovary and have a soft pericarp

Simple fleshy fruit with one seed

Simple fleshy fruit with many seeds. ex tomato

Modified berry with a thick exocarp. ex. pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber

Simple fleshy fruit in which the fleshy part is derived form a ripened hypanthium and has a papery endocarp that surrounds the seeds. ex apple

Derived from one ovary and have a dry pericarp

simple dry fruit that splits open at maturity. Openings may be lengthwise slits or a ring of pores. ex milweek pods; poppy capsules; wild columbine

simple dry fruit that doesn't split open at maturity. ex. sunflower achenes

Develop from one flower with many ovaries that ripen at the same time. ex raspberry; blackberry

Develop from many flowers on an inflorescence that in which the ovaries ripen at the same time and later become fused ex. pineapple; mulberry

Develop from the enlargement of non-floral parts. ex. strawberries (note: the "seeds" are not inside the fleshy part)

nutrient source in a monocot seed, made of starch

nutrient source in a dicot seed, made of starch

occurs when environmental conditions are met and the seed coat breaks down so water can enter and the embryo begins to produce its first roots and shoots

seeds or fruits SMALL and LIGHT. Often modified with structures like tufts or wings to help catch wind (abiotic).

seeds are bouyant and waterproof so they can float and colonize land

active animal disperal

animals seek out fruits and seeds and store/ingest them, but seeds are passed by the animal and later germinate in a new location. Fleshy fruits (sometimes fleshy seeds inside dry fruit) typically unit of dispersal.

passive animal dispersal

seeds/fruits have specialized structuers (hooks, barbs, mucilaginous coatings) that stick to animals as they pass by and later are removed. The animal had no intentions of picking up these seeds/fruits

the wall of an ovary that ripens into a fruit. has three parts. endo-, meso-, and exo- carp

Innermost layer of the pericarp that usually surrounds a seed (ex. the stone of a peach)

The layer between the endocarp and exocarp of the fruit pericarp. It may or may not be fleshy.

the outermost layer of the fruit pericarp. Forms the "skin" of a fruit

Composes the nutrient source of seeds. Iodine is used to detect starches and will stain starch a dark blue-black color.

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Bio104Lab 7

Fruits Seeds and Dispersal

Question	Answer
Simple fleshy fruits	Derived from one ovary and have a soft pericarp
Drupe	Simple fleshy fruit with one seed
Berry	Simple fleshy fruit with many seeds. ex tomato
Pepo	Modified berry with a thick exocarp. ex. pumpkin, watermelon, cucumber
Pome	Simple fleshy fruit in which the fleshy part is derived form a ripened hypanthium and has a papery endocarp that surrounds the seeds. ex apple
Simple dry fruit	Derived from one ovary and have a dry pericarp
Dehiscent	simple dry fruit that splits open at maturity. Openings may be lengthwise slits or a ring of pores. ex milweek pods; poppy capsules; wild columbine
Indehiscent	simple dry fruit that doesn't split open at maturity. ex. sunflower achenes
Aggregate fruits	Develop from one flower with many ovaries that ripen at the same time. ex raspberry; blackberry
Multiple fruit	Develop from many flowers on an inflorescence that in which the ovaries ripen at the same time and later become fused ex. pineapple; mulberry
Accessory fruits	Develop from the enlargement of non-floral parts. ex. strawberries (note: the "seeds" are not inside the fleshy part)
seed	ripened ovule
Endosperm	nutrient source in a monocot seed, made of starch
Cotyledon	nutrient source in a dicot seed, made of starch
germination	occurs when environmental conditions are met and the seed coat breaks down so water can enter and the embryo begins to produce its first roots and shoots
wind dispersal	seeds or fruits SMALL and LIGHT. Often modified with structures like tufts or wings to help catch wind (abiotic).
water dispersal	seeds are bouyant and waterproof so they can float and colonize land
active animal disperal	animals seek out fruits and seeds and store/ingest them, but seeds are passed by the animal and later germinate in a new location. Fleshy fruits (sometimes fleshy seeds inside dry fruit) typically unit of dispersal.
passive animal dispersal	seeds/fruits have specialized structuers (hooks, barbs, mucilaginous coatings) that stick to animals as they pass by and later are removed. The animal had no intentions of picking up these seeds/fruits
pericarp	the wall of an ovary that ripens into a fruit. has three parts. endo-, meso-, and exo- carp
endocarp	Innermost layer of the pericarp that usually surrounds a seed (ex. the stone of a peach)
mesocarp	The layer between the endocarp and exocarp of the fruit pericarp. It may or may not be fleshy.
exocarp	the outermost layer of the fruit pericarp. Forms the "skin" of a fruit
Fruit	a ripened ovary of a flower
Starch	Composes the nutrient source of seeds. Iodine is used to detect starches and will stain starch a dark blue-black color.

Created by: crkozik

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