Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 3 Tissues
Tissue terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Microvilli | - tiny projections that absorb nutrients, - also have membrane junctions |
| Plasma membrane (cell) | Selects what goes in and out (all Have this) |
| Fluid Mosaic Model (Plasma Membrane) | - Phospho-lipids (cushioning insulation) - Proteins (growth and repair) **** Both are double layered**** |
| Phospho-lipids | cushioning insulation |
| what do proteins do? | growth and repair |
| semi-permeable | Allows only certain substances in and out |
| simple diffusion | higher concentration to lower concentration |
| Osmosis | diffusion of H2O |
| Facilitated diffusion | carrier molecules speed up diffusion rate |
| Filtration example | kidneys |
| Active Transport | cell uses energy (lower to higher) ** pulling in or out for the needs of the cell |
| Active Transport - example | Arsenic - to keep out of cells |
| Active Processes | move against a concentration gradient |
| Bulk transport | Exo-cytosis - large particles leave the cell |
| Exo-cytosis | Moves large particles out of the cell |
| Endo-cytosis | Substance entering the cell 1. Phagocytosis 2. Pinocytosis |
| Phago-cytosis | engulfs large solids - (and is called cell eating) |
| Pino-cytosis | engulfs large liquids (cell drinking) |
| 2 types of Endo-cytosis | 1. Phago-cytosis 2. Pino-cytosis |
| What is Cyto-plasm | - jelly like material in cells (like egg white) - (70%)H2O - (30%)proteins,lipids, minerals |
| What is Mito-chondria | "powerhouse" "cellular respiration" "makes energy" (ATP) |
| Ribosomes | Makes Protein Synthesis *** "the little dots" |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | - Transport system of proteins and lipids - Rough ER & Smooth ER |
| ATP Cycle | Break ATP Bond and Rebuild |
| Golgi Apparatus | Package and store proteins,lipids,carbs |
| Lysosomes | Digestive organelles - (devour bad stuff) |
| Vacuoles | Storage Organelles |
| Cyto-skeletal | Supports cell, protein filaments |
| Centrioles - **Animal Cells ONLY" | **animal cells ONLY" -Cell division (cylinders) |
| What is the Nucleus | the control center |
| Nucleolus (Ncleoli-Plural) | makes ribosomes & RNA |
| Chromatin | All of your Chromosomes - 46 per cell - DNA -heredity (code of life) - thread like |
| Cell Life cycle | 1-Inter-phase (Mitosis) 2-Pro-phase -Meta-phase 3-Ana-phase 4-Tele-phase |
| Inter-phase | resting normal replicate DNA |
| Mitosis | Cell Division |
| Pro-phase | Chromosomes double |
| Meta-phase | - (Chromatids)Line up in the middle & divide equally |
| Ana-Phase | - Pairs split apart - single strands migrate to each end |
| Telo-phase | - Cell membrane pinches in - Cyto-kinesis-cell divides(division of cytoplasm) - two new cells are formed (daughter cells) |
| Protein Synthesis deal with - | - DNA - Deoxy-ribonucleic acid (w/out Oxygen) - RNA - Ribonucleic acid |
| Describe DNA | - 2 strands - Never leave the Nucleus - - Double Helix |
| Describe RNA | - 1 strand, - 2 kinds (transfer & Messenger)(TRNA & MRNA) |
| Primary functions of Epithelial Tissues | - Protection - Absorption - Filtration - Secretion |
| Epithelial cells Have: | - Close cell junctions - Basement Membranes - lowest surface Avascular - no blood supply, Diffusion Regeneration - very fast, Mitosis |
| 3 cell shapes Epithelial Cells have are | - Squamous - flattened - Cuboidal - cube shaped - Columnar - taller than wide |
| Squamous shape is | Flattened |
| Cuboidal shape is | Cube shaped |
| Columnar Shaped is | more tall than wide |
| 3 Types of Epithelial Tissues | - Simple- single layer - Stratified - many layers - Pseudostratified - Looks like many layers but is only 1 |
| Describe - Simple Squamous | - one layer - Filtration - Diffusion - Thin |
| location of Simple Squamous | Pericardium - Alveoli - Capillary walls |
| Describe -Simple Cuboidal | - one layer - cube shaped - Not as thin as simple squamous for more protection |
| Locations of Simple Cuboidal | - Ducts of glands - salivary & sweat glands - covering the ovary |
| Describe Simple Columnar | - more tall than wide - have Goblet Cells(Secrete Mucous) - line the digestive tract |
| Location of Simple Columnar | Digestive tract |
| Describe Pseudostratified Columnar | -one cell layer (looks like many layers) -CILIATED w/Goblet Cells -line the Respiratory tract |
| what do the Ciliated Goblet cells in the Pseudostratified Columnar cells do? | produces mucus to moisten & warm the air and catches bacteria |
| Describe Stratified Squamous | ** Most protective - Several Layers / Flat - located at the portal of entry |
| Location of Stratified Squamous | Rectum, Skin, lining of mouth |
| Describe Transitional | *** Can Stretch - relaxed - many layers, - Stretched - one layer - Rounded on edges - Bladder or Uterus |
| Location of Transitional | Bladder or Uterus |
| Body Tissues - Glandular Epithelial does what? | Secretes |
| What does Endo-crine mean? | - "in" - No Duct - Hormones---Blood |
| What does Exo-crine | - "OUT" Ducts - Sweat,salivary, oil glands, bile duct, pancreatic duct |
| What is Exo-crine tissue lined with? | Stratified cuboidal or Stratified Columnar |
| Functions of Connective Tissues | - protects - supports - connects & binds Vascularized - "Good Blood supply" **except for Tendons,Ligaments & Cartilage Extra-cellular Matrix - "Like Jello" |
| What is Extra-cellular Matrix | Non-Living - like Jello - Liquid - Gel Solid - Semi Solid - Solid |
| Connective tissues do what? | Hold things together |
| Body Tissues - Fibers (2 types) | Collagen = made of protein - White & Strong Elastin = Yellow & stretch |
| What is Collagen made of? Color? | Proteins, White & Strong |
| What color is Elastin? What does it do? | Yellow, & Stretch |
| 4 kinds of Specialized Cells | - Fibro-blasts - Osteo-cytes - Chondro-cytes - Macro-phages |
| What do fibroblasts do? | Make fibers |
| What do Osteo-cytes do? | Make bone cells |
| What do Chondro-cytes do? | Make Cartilage Cells |
| What do Macro-phanges do? | - Engulf Bacteria - Macro= BIG - Phanges= to Eat |
| 2 Types of Connective Tissues | - Loose - Dense |
| Describe Loose Connective Tissues | - Liquid matrix - Fibers are COLLAGEN & ELASTIN - Cells are FIBROBLASTS - Fat Cells & Plasma Cells |
| Where is Loose connective tissue found? | Areolar(most common)- Primary component of the Dermis layer of skin |
| What Matrix does Loose connective tissues have? | Liquid |
| What Fibers does Loose connective tissues have? | Collagen & Elastin |
| What cells do Loose connective tissues have? | Fibroblasts |
| Describe Dense Connective Tissue | "Fibrous" - Poor Blood Supply - Collagen fibers - few fibroblasts Tendons- bone to muscle Ligament- bone to bone |
| What Fibers does Dense Connective tissue have? | Collagen Fibers |
| Where are Dense Connective Tissues found? | Tendons & Ligaments |
| Adipose | Fat |
| Describe "Adipose" | - fat - Large Vacuole w/droplet of oil - Sub-cutaneous Layer around organs - Insulation & Cushion & Stores Energy - Good Blood Supply |
| Cartilage | - no blood supply - Collagen & elastin fibers |
| Cartilage Matrix | Cartilage cells in gel matrix |
| 3 types of Cartilage | 1. Hyaline - glassy (Rib, Fetus) 2. Elastin - Elastin Fibers (Outer Ear) 3. Fibro-cartilage - Collegen (Vert.Disc& Knees) |
| Bone | "Osseous" |
| Bone Cells | Osteocytes |
| Bone cells made of | Collagen fibers |
| Bone cell matrix | Solid matrix - Ca & P |
| Blood | "Liquid" |
| Blood Cells (3) | 1.Red, 2.White, 3.Platelets |
| Blood cells made of | plasma & Fibers |
| Blood matrix | Fluid |
| Muscle Tissues (3) | 1. Skeletal - striated, 2. Cardiac, 3.Smooth |
| Describe Skeletal Muscle Tissue | - Striations, - Voluntary, - Attached to bone, Gross movements |
| Describe Cardiac Muscle Tissue | - Striations, - Involuntary, - Branching, - Heart |
| Describe Smooth Muscle Tissue | - NO Striations, - Involuntary, - Blood vessels, - Organs of Digestion, - Peristalsis (wave contraction in digestion) |
| Describe Nervous Tissues | - Irritability, - "react to stimuli", - Conductivity (flow of ions, Na+ & K+) |
| 2 types of tissue repair | 1. Regeneration, 2. Fibrosis |
| What is Regeneration | Tissue repair with Good Blood Supply, Replacement with same type of cell, (Mitosis) |
| What is Fibrosis | |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 1) | 1.Growth - mitosis |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 2) | 2.Aging - Collagen fibers loss, Muscle-loss, Bone-loss, Thinning of epithelial |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 3) | 3.Neoplasms - Cancerous - Abnormal growth rapidly dividing cells. (Either Benign or Malignant) |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 4) | 4.Hyperplasia - enlargement of body tissue |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 5) | 5.Atrophy - Decrease in muscle size |
| Developmental Aspects of Tissues (step 6) | 6.Hypertrophy - increase |
Created by:
toliver4
Popular Biology sets