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Skeletal & Musculars
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Long Bones | long, longitudinal axes & expanded ends (forearm, thigh bones) |
| Short Bones | cubelike, length & width equal (wrist, ankle bones) |
| Flat Bones | Platelike with broad surface ( ribs, scapulae, some bones of skull |
| Irregular Bones | Variety of shapes, usually connected to several other bones ( vertebae & many facial bones) |
| Sesamoid (round) bones | small, nodular(bumpy) embedded within tendon adjacent to joints ( Kneecap {patella}) |
| Osteoblasts | build bone |
| Osteoclasts | dissolve bone-secrete acids to dissolve calcified matrix and enzymes that break down collagen |
| Osteocytes | mature bone cells, maintain bone (90% of all cells in the skeleton) |
| 4 Major Bone Functions | Support & Protection; body movement; Blood Cell formation; Storage of inorganic salts |
| Fracture | break in a bone |
| Four Major types of fractures | Transverse; Oblique; spiral; and comminuted |
| Axial Skeleton | supports & protects organs of head, neck & truck |
| Appendicular Skeleton | anchors limbs to skeleton ( upper & lower limb bones) |
| True Ribs | First 7 pair of ribs join the sternum directly by coastal cartilages |
| False ribs | Last 5 pairs of ribs (pairs 8,9,10 are vertebrochondral, 11, 12 are floating ribs) |
| Sternum | breastbone |
| Scapulae | Flat, triangular bones on either side of upper back (shoulder blade) |
| Bones of Upper Limb : Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarplas, and phalanges | Form the framework for the arm, forearm and hand. provide attachments for muscles & function in levers to move limb parts. |
| Humerus | bone that extends from scapula to elbow |
| Radius | located on thumb side of forearm extending from elbow to wrist |
| Ulna | Longer of the 2 bones of the forearm: articulates with the humerus |
| Bones of Lower limb: femur, patella, tibia,and fibula | prvoide framework for thigh, lower leg, & foot |
| Femur | thighbones, extends from hip to knee, longest & strongest bone in body |
| Patella | kneecap, located in tendon that passes over the knee |
| Tibia | Shinbone, larger bone, inner leg, supports weight of body |
| Fibula | Small bone on outside of leg, helps rotate leg, does not bear weight |
| 3 Types of Joints (where 2 bones meet) | Ball and socket; Pivot; Saddle |
| 3 Types of Muscles | Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac |
| Voluntary muscles | muscles under your control: skeletal |
| Involuntary Muscles | not under conscience control: smooth & cardiac muscles |
Created by:
blsdw2
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