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MolecularBiology11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| homologous recombination (HR) | Recombination involving a reciprocal exchange of homologous DNA sequences. |
| double strand break (DSB) | Occurs when both strans of a DNA duplex are cleaved at the same site. |
| crossing over | A reciprocal exchange of material between paired homologous chromosomes that occurs during prophase I of meiosis and is responsible for genetic recombination. |
| Holliday junction (HJ) | A cruciform DNA structure that is an intermediate in homologous recombination, in which the two duplexes of DNA are connected by the genetic material exchanged between two of the four strands, one from each duplex. |
| branch migration | The process of exchange of base-pairing partners at a Holliday junction formed during homologous recombination. |
| resolution | The Holliday junction structure is cleaved to generate two separate nicked duplexes. |
| Spo11 protein | An enzyme that forms double strand DNA breaks. |
| double-strand break repair (DSBR) model | Model for how double-strand breaks are repaired. |
| strand invasion | The process by which single-stranded DNA pairs to homologous sequences that can be in a single stranded form or a double stranded form. |
| chi sites | Short asymmetric sequences that are recombination hot spots in the E. coli genome. |
| resolution | The Holliday junction structure is cleaved to generate two separate nicked duplexes. |
| Spo11 protein | An enzyme that forms double strand DNA breaks. |
| double-strand break repair (DSBR) model | Model for how double-strand breaks are repaired. |
| strand invasion | The process by which single-stranded DNA pairs to homologous sequences that can be in a single stranded form or a double stranded form. |
| chi sites | Short asymmetric sequences that are recombination hot spots in the E. coli genome. G-rich sequences. Changes activity of RecBCD |
| RecA | strand invasion, searches for regions of homology |
| second strand capture | The second 3'-end of the double strand break is captured when the extended D-loop reaches a single stranded region on the other double-strand break end and can anneal. Extended by DNA synthesis and ligated |
| D-loop | The "displacement loop" formed when a G-rich strand�s 3'-overhang folds back to invade the double-stranded region in the mammalian telomere. |
| recombinase | An enzyme that acts at dif, converting a chromosome dimer into two separate daughter chromosomes. |
| genetic recombination | The process in which DNA molecules break and the resulting fragments join in new combinations. |
| synthesis-dependent strand-annealing (SDSA) model | Model used to explain why mitotic gene conversions are rarely associated with crossing over. No crossover events |
| Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) | Repair mechanism used to fix double-strand breaks where no homology is present. |
| site-specific recombination | occurs at defined DNA sequences and it used for immunoglobulin diversity and by transposable element. SPECIFIC SITES |
| gene knockouts | disruption of gene activity by DNA transformation |
| gene replacement | A knockout in which all or part of the coding sequence is deleted and replaced with a selectable marker. |
| gene insertion | A knockout in which a selectable marker is inserted into the coding region of a gene, thereby disrupting its activity. |
| recombinase | An enzyme that acts at dif, converting a chromosome dimer into two separate daughter chromosomes. |
| exonucleases | Nucleases that cleave nucleotides one at a time from one end of a polynucleotide chain. |
Created by:
yayitzlauren
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