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sci knowledge map
7th grade science knowledge map
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three types of global winds? | trade winds, the westerlies, and the polar winds. |
| Prevailing winds blow from 30 degrees toward the equator. | trade winds |
| Prevailing winds that blow from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere between 30 and 60 degrees | westerlies |
| Prevailing winds that blow from the northeast in the Arctic | polar easterlies |
| High speed winds near the top of the troposphere in a narrow belt are known as | the Jet Stream. |
| Maritime air mass forms over | water |
| Continental air mass forms over | land |
| Across North America, warm air masses generally move | north and northeastward. |
| Across North America, cold air masses move | south and southeastward. |
| narrow zone of transition between air masses that differ in temperature or humidity. | front |
| the leading edge of an advancing cold air mass forces itself under and pushes up a retreating warm air mass. | cold front |
| Since cold fronts move fast they often result in | in severe weather. |
| When a warm air mass rises over top of a cold air mass a ________ front is formed | warm front |
| front that occurs when when a warm and cold air mass collides and there is not enough energy for movement | stationary front |
| two cold air masses force a warm air mass up. (a warm front and cold front collide) | occluded front |
| high altitude, wispy clouds made of ice crystals. | cirrus |
| low, flat layered grey clouds that often bring a drizzle. | stratus |
| thick, puffy white clouds with flat bottoms. | cumulus |
| dark towering cumulus clouds that bring lightening and heavy rain. | cumulonimbus |
| A thermometer measures | temperature |
| An anemometer measures | wind speed. |
| A rain gauge measures | rainfall. |
| second layer of the atmosphere, contains the ozone layer | Stratosphere |
| third layer of the atmosphere. | Mesosphere |
| It is the coldest layer of the atmosphere. | mesosphere |
| highest, hottest and largest layer | Thermosphere |
| ________________contains the exosphere which is the outer most reaches of the atmosphere | thermosphere |
| is a shift in the winds caused by a rotation in the earth. | Coriolis Effect |
| Local winds are caused by geographical features such as | a mountain, lake or an ocean. |
| High speed winds near the top of the troposphere in a narrow belt are known as | the Jet Stream. |
| measures rainfall. | rain gauge |
| group of the same species that lives in an area at the same time. | population |
| characteristics of an ecosystem that determine how large a population can get. | Limiting factors |
| The largest size a particular population that can be supported by a particular environment is the environment’s | carrying capacity. |
| close long term association between two or more species. | Symbiosis |
| symbiotic realtionship where both organisms benefit. | Mutualism |
| symbiotic realtionship where one benefits and the other is unharmed. | Commensialism |
| where one organism benefits while the other is harmed or killed. | Parasitism |
| group of animal and plant populations living together in the same environment. | community |
| Changes in communities occur over time in a process called | ecological succession. |
| a series of slow, predictable changes in the number and kinds of organisms in an area. | Succession |
| succession when organisms begin to inhabit an area that had no life or soil. | Primary |
| succession an existing community suffers a major disruption but soil is present. | Secondary |
| is the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. | Ecology |
| is made up of a community and its abiotic (non-living or physical) environment. | ecosystem |
| word that means it is non-living. | abiotic |
| examples of abiotic factors | climate, soil, water, air, nutrients, and energy. |
| examples of biotic factors | living substance. Plants, animals, fungus, bacteria, etc. |
| The_____ is the ultimate source of energy for most ecosystems. | sun |
| organisms that make food by the process of photosynthesis. | Producers |
| Most producers are | green plants and algea. |
| Examples of primary consumer | plant-eating animals. |
| Examples of secondary consumers | predators, eat animals. |
| organisms that break down dead plants and animals into simple nutrients. | Decomposers |
| The model that shows ONE series of energy changes goes through as it is passed from one organism to another is called a | food chain |
| A _________is overlapping networks of food chains. | food web |
| The energy pyramid is a model that shows | how much energy passes through organisms |
| The model that shows that as consumer energy needs increase populations decrease is an ecosystem | energy pyramid |
| when water falls to earth in any form: rain, snow, hail, or sleet. | Precipitation |
| water vapor cools and changes back into liquid droplets, forming clouds. | Condensation |
| when liquid water changes into a gaseous form called water vapor. | Evaporation |
| when water vapor is released through opening in the plant’s leaves called stomata | Transpiration |
| when water, usually from precipitation, flows across the land and collects in rivers, streams then eventually lakes and oceans. | Run-off |
| The energy for the water cycle comes from | the sun. |
| Photosynthesis is the only process in the carbon cycle when carbon is | taken out of the environment. |
| In photosynthesis plants use carbon dioxide and water to make | their own food and release oxygen. |
| Organisms use the food and oxygen, created during photosynthesis, for energy | Respiration |
| Organic material is burned and carbon dioxide and monoxide are released. | Combustion |
| Nitrogen (cannot/can) be used by plants in its natural form | CANNOT. |
| Nitrogen is fixed by | bacteria in the soil and lightning |
| making wise choices with the resources we have | Conservation |
| methods include reducing how much we use, reusing resources when possible and recycling products so the resources are still available to us. | Conservation |
| everything not made by humans that can be used by organisms. | Natural resources |
| can be replaced relatively quickly such as trees and water. | Renewable resources |
| Fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are from | the remains of once living organisms. |
| Obtaining and using fossil fuels can cause many environmental problems such as | global warming, water pollution acid rain and smog. |
| Most people use fossil fuels because | often cheaper or more convenient |
| Burning fossil fuels puts large amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which may | increase greenhouse effect creating global warming |
| Alternative energy sources are being developed to help minimize problems from fossil fuels such as | using the sun, wind, moving water,and the heat of the earth |
| the amount of matter that makes up an object. | Mass |
| Unit mass is measured in | grams |
| the force of gravity acting on the mass of an object. | Weight |
| Weight is measured in what metric unit? | Newtons. |
| the amount of space occupied by an object. | Volume |
| liquid volume is measured with | a graduated cylinder using liters. |
| substances that take the shape of their container, liquids and gases are______ | Fluids |
| an upward force produced by fluids. | Buoyancy |
| The greater the density of the fluid, | the greater the buoyant force. |
| Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to | the weight of the fluid the object displaces. |
| If the object displaces its own weight of the fluid it is in it | will float. |
| the mass of an object compared to its volume. | Density |
| What is measured in grams per milliliter? | Density |
| Objects with a density greater than the fluid it is in will (float or sink)? | sink |
| something that allows a body to do work. | Energy |
| Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it changes form is the law of | law of conservation of energy |
| resistance of a body to a change in its state of motion. | Inertia |
| the energy of motion | Kinetic Energy |
| stored energy due to position (gravitational) or changing shape (spring or bow). | Potential Energy |
| push or pull on an object that will change its state of motion. | force |
| Speed is calculated by | (S= Distance ÷ Time) |
| a force that works against a moving object. | Friction |
| Before starting a lab or activity | study the procedure. |
| What accident or injury should be reported? | any |
| the predicted answer to a scientific question. | hypothesis |
| In a controlled experiment _______ variable(s) should be tested at a time. | 1 |
| a simple representation for something complex. | model |
| Factor in the experiment that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis. | independent varialble |
| Factor that may be affected by the one you are testing | dependent variable |
| A(n) ____________is factual information gathered with any of the five senses. | observation |
| _________ is a conclusion made from observations | inference |
| A _______ observation can be measured or counted | quantitative |
| a _______ observation describes qualities (i.e. color, texture, smell etc.) | qualitative |
| a tool to classify organisms or other specimens by characteristics | dichotomous key |
| mass of an object compared to its volume | density |
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superstephens
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