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MolecularBiology5pt2

QuestionAnswer
primer strand The pre-formed strand of DNA that is the site of attachment for incoming deoxynucleotides.
dideoxynucleotides triphosphate (ddNTP) Cause random termination of primer chain extension. Analogs that have a hyrdogen atom attached to C-3' in place of a OH group.
DNA polymerase I A multifunctional polypeptide with DNA polymerase, 3' to 5' exonuclease, and 5' to 3' exonuclease activities.
exonucleases Nucleases that cleave nucleotides one at a time from one end of a polynucleotide chain.
template strand The pre-formed strand of DNA that determines the order of attachment to the primer strand according to base pairing rules.
Klenow fragment The large fragment produced when DNA polymerase I is cleaved by subtilisin, exhibiting 3' ? 5' exonuclease activity and polymerase activity.
reverse transcriptase An enzyme that uses a template of single-stranded RNA to generate a double-stranded DNA copy.
denaturation The transition from the double helical structure (the native state) to randomly coiled single strands (the denatured state).
renaturation (reannealing) The process of a protein refolding to its native state after denaturation.
primer extension A technique used to locate transcription initiation sites using reverse transcriptase to extend a labeled DNA primer.
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) A technique used to amplify regions of DNA using sequence-specific primers and multiple cycles of DNA replication.
Created by: yayitzlauren
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