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Urinary System Ch 20

QuestionAnswer
Kidney Functions Regulate volume, composition and pH of body fluids. Filtration, Reabsoption, Secretion
Hilum Entrance to Renal sinus, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels and the ureter enter and leave thru this.
Nephrons In Medulla and cortex. Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney. It's the functional unit of the kidney.
Main function of nephron and collecting ducts To control the composition of body fluids and remove wastes from the blood.
Pathway of Blood Afferent->Glomerulus->Efferent->Peritubular capillaries->Renal vein
Pathway of Filtrate Glomerulus(bowmans capsule)->Proximal Convoluted Tubule->Nephron Loop->Distal Convoluted Tubule->Collection duct
Filtration In glomerulus, everything except red blood cells and large molecules like proteins filter into the nephron(renal tubule)
Reabsorption In peritubular capillaries, a process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into bloodstream. Glucose/water/sodium
Secretion From blood to renal tubule
Renin Enzyme/hormone secreted by kidney, raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction. Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I. Causes secretion of Aldosterone.
ANP Produced in heart. Works in kidney tubes. Gets rid of excess water and stimulates sodium excretion increasing GFR. Drops blood pressure.
Micturition Urinary reflex. Nerve centers are in pons and hypothalamus.
Glomerular filtration rate Affected by hydrostatic pressure inside glomerular capillaries.
Aldosterone Anterior Pituitary-ACTH-Adrenal cortex. Regulates sodium, potassium ion concentrations and fluid volume. stimulates kidney sodium reabsorption. Raises BP
ADH Antidiuretic Hormone from Posterior Pituitary gland stimulated by Angiotensin II, increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, promoting water reabsorbtion in blood. Decreases water excretion. Raises blood pressure.
Diuretic Gets rid of water
Antidiuretic Retains water
Erythropoietin Hormone secreted by the kidney that helps control rate of red blood cell formation
Juxtaglomerulus Apparatus Regulates the secretion of renin.
Angiotensin II Vasoconstriction/Increases aldosterone secretion/Increases ADH secretion/Increses thirst
Urinalysis of abnormal pH levels Infection, Diabetes, Acidosis or alkalosis
Urinalysis of abnormal glucose Diabetes MELLITUS
Urinalysis of abnormal ketones Anorexia or metabolizing fats=>ketone bodies
Urinalysis of abnormal blood Mentruation, unjury to kidneys, trauma, nephritis
pH level of blood 7.35 to 7.45
pH level of urine 4.5 to 8 because ur excreting chemicals you dont need
Acidosis pH < 7.35 accumulation of acids of loss of bases=>increased concentration of H+ causes pH to drop. Develops from kidney disease, vomiting, diarrhea, Diabetes mellitus.
Alkalosis pH>7.45 loss of acids and accumulation of bases => decreased concentraion of H+. Develops from hyperventilation
Created by: nadiapr
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