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BIOL-148

Chapter 15 Blood

QuestionAnswer
What is the color of oxygen rich blood? Bright red.
What is the color of poorly oxygenated blood? Dark blue red.
Two parts of blood? Liquid-plasma Formed elements-blood cells.
Plasma Pale yellow fluid.
Plasma proteins. Albumin, clotting factors, antibodies.
Another name for erythrocytes and what their functions are? Red blood cells transport O2 to all cells.
Another name for White blood cells and their functions? leukocytes, protect the body from infection.
Another name for platelets and the function? thrombocytes, help clot blood.
hematopoises the process of blood cell production.
where does hematopoises take place? red bone marrow, and lymphatic tissues.
function of red bone marrow? produces stem cells. this is where RBC's, WBC's, and platelets are made.
Mylosuppression? Bone marrow has slowed down, not enough production of blood cells.
Aplastic anemia? deficiency of RBC's.
What is the shape of red blood cells? They are disc shaped-thick outer rim& thin center.
Hemoglobin Large protein molecule inside RBC's.
Heme Iron containing substance.
Globin Protein
Oxyhemoglobin Oxygenated hemoglobin
What is the primary function of hemoglobin? to carry oxygen.
Cyanotic. skin is blue due to lack of oxygen.
Tissue Macrophage System Detects old RBC's and will phagocytose them. Made of macrophages and are found in spleen, liver, and red bone marrow.
what parts of the red bone marrow are reused? Most parts of it are.
Kidney's produce a hormone called? Erythropoietin.
What are granulocytes? Produced in the red bone marrow (granules in cytoplasm) There are three types: Neutrophil, Basophil,and eosinophil.
What are agranulocytes? No granule in cytoplasm. They are produced in the red bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus gland. There are two types: Lymphocytes, and Monocytes.
Name two groups of White Blood Cells? granulocytes and agranulocytes.
Neutrophil. What is its function? Phagocytosis of pathogens.They are also the most commonly found.
Basophils. What are their functions? They release Heparin in lungs and liver.
Eosiniphils. What are their functions? Secret chemicals to destroy parasites.
Lymphocytes. What are the functions? Helps build immunity and produce antibodies.
Monocytes. What are the functions? Phagocytosis.
Name two types of Monocytes that can be found? Wandering macrophages and fixed macrophages
What is tissue macrophage system? Remove old red blood cells from the blood stream.
What are platelets? Megakaryocytes, not a whole cell, Helps in the process of a blood clot.
Hemostasis. What is it? Process that stops bleeding after an injury.
What is a vascular spasm? smooth muscle in wall of blood vessel contracts. Starts to slow bleeding.
Platelet plug? What is it? Tear in inner lining of blood vessel stimulates the platelets. Platelets become sticky and form a plug, slows the bleeding even more.
What happens with the formation of a blood clot? A series of chemical reactions result in a net-like structure. Clotting protiens in plasma start the chemical reactions.
What is clot retraction? When bleeding stops in the blood vessel wall, the clot becomes smaller and water is squeezed out.
What is fibrinolysis? When the clot can be disolved.
Plasmin A substance that dissolves a clot.
What is the endothelium? It is the smooth inner lining of blood vessel. It is smooth, shinny, and slippery so blood flow easily.
Heparin? What is it? It is a anticoagulant that is produced by basophils.
Thrombus? Blood clot
Thrombosis? Blood clot formation.
Embolus? Clot is moving through the blood stream.
What are disorders of the blood? Leukemia, and deep vein thrombosis.
What are the steps? 1. clot extract 2. endothelial 3. fibrinolysis caused by plasmin formation.
Created by: 1280138975
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