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Earth Movements Test
Study for your Earth Movements test: Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mid-ocean ridges form at the boundary between two of these. | Oceanic plates |
| The process of two oceanic plates moving away from each other is called this. | Ocean floor spreading |
| What happens when two ocean plates spread? | Hot magmas from the mantle pushes up through the cracks between them. |
| What causes the magma from the mantle to get pushed up through the cracks between plates? | Convection currents |
| When the magma pushes up, what is created? | Mid-ocean ridges |
| What are many mid-ocean ridges capped by? | Active volcanoes |
| When volcanic cones rise above the surface of the ocean, what is formed? | Islands |
| What is subduction? | When an oceanic plate and a continental plate collide. |
| Why does the oceanic plate sink below the continental plate? | The oceanic plate is more dense. |
| What happens to the oceanic plate after it sinks below the continental plate? | It melts into the magma of the mantle. |
| What forms when the oceanic and continental plate collide? | A deep ocean trench. |
| What occurs at the ocean trenches? | Major earthquakes and volcanic activity. |
| What are folded mountains? | Two continental plates collided. |
| When two continental plates collide what happens? | The crust at the plate boundaries pushes upward and folds into a mountain range. |
| cast fossil | Something that forms when a mold is filled in with minerals deposited by water. |
| continent | One of the 7 large masses of earth |
| continental crust | The layer of crust that contains the continents |
| continental drift | the theory that the continents have moved vast directions around the earth over milions of years to reach their present location. |
| convection | The continuous cycle of heating and rising, cooling and sinking. |
| convection currents | The circular path of a gas or liquid as it is heated and rises, spreads out, and then cools and sinks. |
| core | The earth's innermost layer |
| crust | the thin, rocky, outermost layer of the earth. |
| earthquake | vibrations in the earth's crust caused by the sudden release of energy due to shifting rocks along a fault. |
| erupt | to break through; to force out suddenly and violently |
| fault | a break or crack in the earth's crust where two plates slide past each other |
| fossil | the remains of an organism that lived long ago, found preserved in rock preserved in rock |
| geology | the study of earth and its history |
| glacier | a huge, slow-moving mass of ice |
| inner core | the innermost layer of the earth which is made of solid metals (high temperatures and high pressure) |
| island | land mass surrounded by water |
| lava | magma that comes out of a volcano |
| lithosphere | consists of the crust and upper-part of the mantle that is separated into the tectonic plates |
| magma | the melted rock that makes up the mantle |
| model | a smaller or larger version of an object used to represent the acutal object. |
| mold fossil | an imprint left in a rock after the remains of an organism have disintegrated. |
| ocean floor | the surface of the earth's crust beneath the ocean |
| mid-ocean ridge | a mountain range on the ocean floor |
| ocean-floor spreading | the process by which hot magma from the mantle wells up in the boundary between two oceanic plates as they move away from each other- it results in the creation of new crust. |
| oceanic crust | the layer of crust beneath the oceans |
| Pangaea | the name of the super-continent that scientists believe existed about 200 million years ago, in which all the present continents were once joined. |
| plate | a section of the earth's crust |
| plate tectonics | the theory that the earth's crust is NOT one solid piece of rock, but rather it consists of a series of plates that float on the molten rock of the mantle. |
| Ring of Fire | a region of the earth in which many volcanoes and earthquakes occur (encircling the Pacific) |
| subduction | the process in which two plates collide and the edgee of the denser plate sinks beneath the edge of the less dense plate, then melting back into the mantle. |
| trench | a deep, narrow valley in the ocean floor where subduction takes place. |
| vibrations | a rapid back and forth movement |
| volcano | an opening in the earth's crust through which melted rock reaches the earth's surface |
Created by:
Adamsthornell
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