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Energy Resources
Env. Science Energy Resources Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fossil Fuel | Fuel consisting of the remains of organisms preserved in rocks in the earth's crust with high carbon and hydrogen content |
| Coal | A carbonaceous rock formed from buried plants in ancient forests or swamps |
| Peat | Partially carbonized vegetable matter saturated with water; can be used as a fuel when dried |
| Brown Coal | Lignite; The first type of coal formed and has the least amount of energy |
| Sub-bituminous Coal and Bituminous Coal | Dark black coal that are most important for energy production for direct heating and electricty |
| Anthracite Coal | Dark gray; have a high energy content |
| Petroleum | A dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons |
| Maturation | The burial and chemical transformation process that leads to formation of petroleum |
| Strip Mining | The mining of ore or coal from an open mine |
| Acid Mine Drainage | Any pollutional discharge emanating from a mining operation |
| Energy Efficiency | The amount of energy consumed per unit of productive output |
| Synfuels | Hydrocarbon resources other than oil, natural gas, and coal; also called unconventional hydrocarbons. |
| Tar Sands | Deposits of dense, thick, asphaltlike oil that cannot be pumped easily |
| Kerogen | Wax like compound that may be formed if organic material is buried; also called oil shales |
| Gas Hydrates | Deposits of methane that are frozen into ice in permafrost and in seafloor sediments |
| Fluidized Bed Combustion | Coal is burned more efficiently at a lower temperature than in a conventional power plant. |
| Coal liquification | Turning solid coal into liquid fuel similar to oil |
| Green Power | Electricity that is generated by a nonpolluting technology |
| Fission | Inducing a heavy atom to split into lighter atoms |
| Nuclear Reactor | A device in which nuclear chain reactions are initiated, controlled, and sustained at a steady rate |
| Fuel Rods | A long, slender tube that holds the fuel pellets |
| Nuclear Waste | Highly radioactive by-products of nuclear fission |
| Half-life | The amount of time it takes for the level of radioactivity in a material to be decayed by half. |
| Fusion | Two atomic nuclei come together to produce energy |
| Passive Solar Heating | Direct solar energy used for applications such as home and water heating |
| Active Solar Heating | Solar energy is collected, usually by solar panels on a rooftop, and the heat is stored and distributed by fans or pumps. |
| Photovoltaic Cells | Thin wafers or films that are treated chemically so they absorb solar energy, emitting a stream of electrons in response. |
| Electrolysis | Splitting water into its component parts |
| Fuel Cells | An electrochemical energy conversion device that produces electricity from external supplies of fuel. |
| Anode | The negatively charged pole of a fuel cell |
| Cathode | The positively charged pole of a fuel cell |
| Wind turbines | A machine that captures the energy of the wind and transfers the motion to a generator shaft |
| Wind Farm | A group of wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power |
| Biomass Energy | Energy derived from Earth's plant life |
| Biogas | Methane gas released from animal waste that is used for energy |
| Ethanol | A form of alcohol made from fermented sugars found in corn and other crops that is added to conventional gasoline |
| Biodiesel | A form of fuel that is made from vegetable oil |
| Hydroelectric Power | Energy generated from a stream of water flowing downhill...gravitational energy. |
Created by:
jmglbrt
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