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Electrolytes Nclex
Nclex
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Effects of hyponatremia on respiratory system | shallow, innefective respiratory movements as a late manifestations r/t skeletal muscle weakness |
| Effects of hyponatremiia on neuromuscular system | generalized skeletal muscle weakness that is worse in the extremeties |
| Effects of hyponatremia on cerebral function | headache,personality changes |
| Effects of hyponatremia on GI system | a. Increased motilty and hyperactive bowels sounds b Nausea c. Ab cramping and diarrhea |
| If the client is taking lithium for hyponatremia, why should yu monitor lithium levels? | Hyponatremia can cause diminished lithium excretion, resulting in toxicity |
| What are four conditions that cause decreased sodium excretion can result in hypernatremia? | a. corticosterods b. Cushing syndrome c. renal failure d. hyperaldosternism |
| Effects of hypernatrema on neuromuscular system: | a. Early: sponataneous muscle twitches; irregular muscle contractions b.Late: skeletal muscle weakness; deep tendon reflexes dimished or absent |
| Effects of hypernatremia on central nervous system: | a. altered cerebral function is the most common manisfestation of hypernatremia |
| Effects of hypokalemia on cardiovascular system: | a Thready, weak, irregular pulse b. peripheral pulses weak c. orthostatic hypotension d. EKG changes: ST depression; shallow, flat or inverted T wave; and prominent U wave |
| Effects of hypokalemia on respiratory system : | a. Shallow, innefectiverespifrations that result from profound muscle weakness of the skeletal muscles of respration b. Diminished breath sounds |
| Effects of hypokalemia on neuromuscular system | a. Anxiety, lethargy, confusion, coma b. Skeletal muscle weakness; eventual flaccid paralysis c. Loss of tactile discrimination d. deep tendon hyporeflexia |
| Effects of hypokalemia on GI system; | a. decreased motility, hypoactive to absent bowel sounds b. Nausea, vomiting, constipation, abd distention |
| The max recommended infusion rate is ______ Never to exceed _____ under circumstances | 5-10 mEq/hr 20 mEq/hr |
| Effects of hyperkalemia on respirtory system | Profound weakness of the skeletal muscles causes respiratory failure |
| Effects of hyperkalemia on system: | a.Early: muscle twitches,cramps, paresthesias b.Late: profound weakness, ascending flaccid paralysis in the arms and legs |
| Effects of hyperkalemia on GI system: | a. Increased motility, hyperactive bowel sounds b. Diarrhea |
| If renal functon is impaired, prepare to administer | Kayexalate exchange resin that promotes GI sodium absorption and potassum excretion |
| Effects of hypocalcemia on cardiovascular system | a. decreased HR b hypotension c. diminished peripheral pulses d. Ekg changes: prolonged ST interval; prolonged QT intervals |
| Effects of hypocalcemia on neuromuscular system: | a. Irritable skeletal muscles; twitches, cramps, tetany,seizures b. Parathesias followed by numbness that may affect the lips, nose, and ears in addition to the limbs c. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes |
| Effect of hypocalcemia on GI system | a. Increased gastric motility ; hyperactive bowel sounds |
| Effect of hypercalcema on cardiovascular system | a. Increased HR in early phase, bradycardia that can lead to arrest in late phase c. Bounding, full peripheral pulses |
| Effects of hypercalcemia on resp system | Innefective resp movemengt as a result of profound skeletal muscle weakness |
| Effects of hypercalcema on neuromuscular system | a. Profound muscle weakness b. Diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes c. Disorientation, lethargy, coma |
| Effects of hypercalcemia on renal system | a Increased urinary output leadng to dehydration b. Anorexia,nausea, abd distention, constipation |
| Effects of hypomagnesemia on neuromuscular system | a. twitches :paresthesias b.positive trosseaus and chvosteks sign |
| hypocalcemia frquently accompanies | hypomagnemesemia |
| Effects of hypermagnesemia on neuromuscular system | a Diminished deep tendon reflexes b. Skeletal muscle weakness |
| Effects of hypermagnesemia on central nervous system | drowsiness and lethargy that prgreaa to coma |
| A decrease in the serum phosphorous level is | accompanied by a increase in the serum calcium level |
| Effects of hypophosphopatemia on neurmuscular system | a.weakness b. decreased deep tendon reflexes c. decreased bne density that can cause fractures and alterations in bone shape |
| An increase in the serum phosphorous level is | accompanied by a decrease in the serum calcium level |
| The problems that occur in hyperphosphatemia center on the hypocalcemia | that results when serum phosphorous levels increase. |
Created by:
tko27girl
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