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Genetics Test 1
Biology study Tests
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a statistical test that could be used to show that the observed and the expected results are significantly different? | a chi-squared test |
| Explain the reasons for the observed results of the cross differing significantly from the expected results? | Genes are on the same chromosome; Genes do not assort independently |
| Discuss the ethical arguments for and against the cloning of humans. | For- Twins are formed by cloning, so it is a natural process; Cloned embryos could be tested for genetic diseases or disorders Against- It would reduce the value and dignity of the individual; High miscarriage rates |
| Outline the process of DNA profiling including ways it can be used. (Steps 1-3) | 1. Obtain the DNA, such as through cheek cells by using mouth wash 2. Amplify the DNA through polymerase chain reactions 3. Cut the DNA through restriction enzymes |
| Outline the process of DNA profiling including ways it can be used. (Steps 4-6) | 4. Separate the DNA through electrophoresis. 5. Separate the DNA fragments according to length. 6. Then it can be used for things such as identifying a person of a crime. |
| Define the term degenerate as it relates to the genetic code. | More than one codon or triplet base pair in an amino acid. |
| Apart from international cooperation, outline two positive outcomes of the Human Genome Project. | 1. It could lead to a better understanding of genetic diseases or conditions. 2. It could lead to the production of gene probes to identify carriers of genetic diseases. |
| State the catalytic activity of reverse transcriptase. | Reverse Transcriptase catalyzes the production of DNA to RNA. |
| State one use of monoclonal antibodies in diagnosis and treatment. | Diagnosis: Detection of (antibodies to) HIV Treatment: Targeting cancer cells with attached drugs. |
| Explain how meiosis results in great genetic variety among gametes.(8 marks) | Homologous chromosomes from tetrads undergo synapsis; crossing over; prophase I; Exchange od DNA; New combinations of maternal and paternal genes; metaphase I; independent assortment of unlinked genes; leads to 2n/2(23) possible gametes |
| Discuss the ethical issues for and against the use of trangenic plants. | For: Do not survive long in the wild; reduced cost of food production; longer shelf life for certain products. Against: New proteins in food crops could cause allergies; |
Created by:
bullockc
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