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3 Med Term
Bones along with aome arteries and veins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Long bones | Humerus(upper arm bone), femur (thigh bone) |
| Short Bones | carpal (wrist bone), tarsal (ankle bone) |
| Flat Bone | sternum (breastbone), scapula (shoulder blade) |
| irregular bones | vertebra (backbone), stapes |
| sesamoid bones | patella |
| oste/o,oss/i,osse/o | bone |
| di-,dia- | through, complete |
| -clast | breaking down |
| dactyl/o | digitus, finger/toe |
| spondyl/o | vertebra (backbone), spine |
| -sarcoma | connective tissue cancer |
| -fida | to split, splitting |
| brachi/o | arm |
| -sthenia | condition of strength |
| -osis | abnormal condition |
| -blast | embryonic, immature |
| -cyte | cell |
| xiph/i | xiphoid (inferior process of sternum) |
| -poiesis | formation |
| re- | back |
| plant/o | sole of foot |
| radi/o | radius (lower lateral arm bone) |
| -drome | to run, running |
| mastoid/o | mastoid process |
| syndesm/o | ligament (structure connect) |
| myel/o | bone marrow, spinal cord |
| vers/o | turning, to turn |
| phyt/o | growth |
| perone/o | fibula |
| -dynia | pain |
| -malacia | softening |
| THR | Total Hip Replacement |
| -scopy | process of viewing |
| amphi- | both |
| meta- | change, beyond |
| rheumat/o | watery flow |
| foss/o | fossa, (a depression) |
| MD | muscular dystrophy |
| tubercul/o | tubercle, rounded projection |
| -centesis | surgical puncture |
| tom/o | section, cutting |
| leiomy/o | smooth muscle |
| tract/o | pulling, to pull |
| tars/o | tarsus (ankle bone) |
| duct/o | carrying, to carry |
| tens/o | stretching |
| lord/o | swayback, bent backwards |
| cleid/o | clavicle |
| kyph/o | roundback |
| -clasis | intentional breaking |
| -desis | binding |
| -physis | growth |
| scoli/o | curvature |
| olecran/o | olecranon elbow |
| -oma | tumor, mass |
| malleol/o | malleolus |
| sulc/o | sulcus, groove |
| -listhesis | slipping |
| ankyl/o | stiffening |
| prosth/o | addition |
| troph/o | development, nourishment |
| CREF | Closed reduction external fixation |
| -rraphy | suture |
| -ses, -y | condition, process of |
| -plasia | condition of formation |
| rhabdomy/o | striated skeletal muscle |
| rachi/o | spine |
| por/o | passage |
| lacrim/o | tear |
| Achondroplasia | disorder of development of cartilage at the epiphises of the long bones and skull, resulting in dwarfism |
| muscular dystrophy | disorders characterized by inherited progressive atrophy of skeletal muscle without neural involvement |
| polydactyly | contiotion of more than 5 fingers or toes |
| spina bifida occulta | congenital malformation of the bony spinal column without involvement of the spinal cord |
| syndactyly | joining of the fingers or toes giving them a webbed appearance |
| talipes | deformity resulting in twisting of the foot also called clubfoot |
| torticollis | congenital or acquired condition resulting in the contraction of muscles of the neck aslo call wryneck |
| osteodynia | bone pain |
| osteitis deformans | misshaped bone resulting from inflammation, also known as Paget disease |
| osteomalacia | softening of the bone and bone marrow |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone mass, which results in the bones being fragile and at risk for fractures |
| osteopenia | bone mass loss but less severe than osteoporosis |
| chondromalacia | softening of the cartilage |
| costochondritis | inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs |
| arthrosis | abnormal condition of a joint; EX: hemarthrosis, hydrarthrosis or pyarthrosis |
| Baker cyst | cyst of the synovial fluid in the popliteal area of leg; often assoc. w/ rheumatoid arthritis |
| bursitis | inflammation of bursa |
| bunion | fairly common, painful enlargement and inflammation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (base of great toe) |
| carpal tunnel syndrome CTS | compression injury that manifests itself as fluctuating pain, numbness, and paresthesias of the hand caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist |
| crepitus | cracking sound heard in joints |
| osteoarthritis | joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage and a wearing down of bones edges of a joint |
| osteophytosis | abnormal bone growth in a joint |
| rheumatoid arthritis RA | inflammatory joint disease believed to be autoimmune in nature |
| tendinitis | inflammation of tendon |
| temporomadibular joint disorder | dysfunctional temporomadibular joint, accompanied by gnathalgia, jaw pain |
| ankylosing spondylitis | chrnic inflammatory disease of idiopathic origin, causes a fusion of the spine |
| herniated intervertebral disk | protrusion of the central part of the disk that lies between the vertebrae, resulting in compression of the nerve root and pain |
| kyphosis | extreme posterior curvature of the thoracic area of the spine |
| lordosis | swayback; exaggerated anterior curve of the lumbar vertebrae |
| scoliosis | lateral S curve of the spine |
| spinal stenosis | narrowing of the spinal canal with attendant pain, sometimes caused by OA or spondylolisthesis |
| spondylolisthesis | condition resulting from the partial forward dislocation of one vertebrae over the one beneath it |
| spondylosis | stiffening of the vertebral joints |
| contracture | chronic fixation of a joint in flexion |
| fibromyalgia | disorder characterized by musculoskeletal pain, fatigue muscle stiffness and spasms, sleep disturbances |
| myasthenia gravis | severe condition characterized fatigue and progressive muscle weakness, especially of face and throat |
| plantar fascitis | inflammation of the fascia on the sole of the foot |
| polymyositis | idiopathic inflammation os a number of voluntary muscles |
| postlaminectomy syndrome | group of symptoms that occur together after the removal of a lamina to correct a spinal disorder |
| rhabdomyolysis | breakdown of striated/skeletal muscle |
| chondroma | benign tumor of the cartilage |
| exostosis | abnormal condition of bony growth |
| leiomyoma | benign tumor of smooth muscle, most common is in uterus termed fibroid |
| osteoma | benign bone tumor, usually of compact bone |
| rhabdomyoma | benign tumor of striated/voluntary/skeletal muscle |
| chodrosarcoma | malignant tumor of the cartilage |
| leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumor of smooth muscle |
| osteosarcoma | malignant tumor of bone |
| rhabdomyosarcoma | highly malignant tumor of skeletal muscle |
| DEXA scan | Dual energy x-ray absorpyiometry, a procedure that measures the density of bone at the hip and spine |
| electromyelography EMG | procedure that records the electrical activity of muscles |
| myelogram | x-ray of spinal canal done after injection of contrast medium |
| Phalen test | a diagnostic test where the back (dorsal surface) of the patient's hands are pressed together to elicit symptoms of CTS |
| rheumatoid factor test | Lab test that looks for rheumatoid factor RF present in the blood of those who have rheumatoid arthritis |
| serum calcium | test to measure the amount of calcium in the blood |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid |
| arthrodesis | binding or stabilization of a joint by operative means |
| arthroplasty | general term meaning surgical repair of joint |
| kyphoplasty | minimally invasive procedure designed to address the pain of fractures vertebrae resulting from cancer of osteoporosis |
| laminectomy | removal of bony arches of one or more vertebrae to relieve compression of the spinal cord |
| meniscectomy | removal of a meniscus such as in the knee |
| myorrhaphy | suture of muscle |
| osteoclasis | refracture of a bone, usually done if a bone has a malunion |
| osteoplasty | surgical repair of a bone |
| spondylosyndesis | fixation of an unstable segment of the spine by skeletal traction, immobilization of the patient in a body cast, or stabilization with a bone graft or synthetic device. |
| syndesmoplasty | surgical repair of a ligament |
| tenomyoplasty | surgical repair of a muscle and a tendon |
| traction | process of pulling a body part into correct alignment, as to correct a dislocation |
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