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Chapter 29
Protist
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the world's most chronic public health problem? What is it caused by? | Malaria. It is caused by a protist called Plamodium |
| What common diseases that are caused by protista require a vector? | Malaria (Plasmodium), Leishmaniasis, and Trypanosmiasis |
| There are two common dieases that are caused by protista that do not require a vector what are they? | Trichomoniasis and Ameobic dysentery |
| What is red tide? | A harmful algal bloom that occurs when dinoflagellates (toxin producing protist) reach high densities in aquatic environments. |
| What causes red tide? | 1.) A bloom occurs - rapid population growth 2.) Dinoflagellates synthesize toxins to protect themselves from predation. This is a photosyenthic process. |
| What species is associated with red tide? | Karenia |
| What toxin does Karenia produce, and how is harmful to human. | A neurotoxin called, brevetoxin. Filter feeders (oysters, clams, and mussels) concentrate particles from the water. When people eat the filter feeders they to consume the toxin. |
| What symptoms would one exhibit if they consumed a clam that was exposed to Karenia? | a prickling sensation in the mouth, weak muscles, and possilbe paralysis. |
| Why are protist ecologically significant? | Protist are primary producers and are at the base of the food chain in many marine enviroments. |
| What is the endosymbiosis theory? | 1.) Anaerobic eukaryote engulfs an aerobic bacterium 2.) The bacterium lives with in the eukaryotic cell 3.) Eukaryote supplies bacterium with protection and carbon compounds. Bacterium supplies eukaryote with ATP. |
| How does the endosymbiosis theory relate to mitochondria and chloroplast? | The endosymbiosis theory suggest that both cholroplast and mitochondria were originally bacterium engulfed by eukaryotic cells. |
| How do paramecium eat? | They attach themselves to a surface. Their cilia beat creating a current. That current sweeps food particles into the cell. |
| What is a colony? | An assemblage of individuals |
| Discuss the structures that protists use for support and protection. | 1.) The basic structure is the cytoskelton 2.) Cell walls 3.) Evolutionary diversification among protist has also been linked to innovative support and protection structures |
| Explain ingestive feeding among protist. | 1.)Eating other organisms dead or alive 2.) Protist that are large enough and lack a cell wall engulf their prey with pseudopodia 3.)Other protist use cilia to sweep organisms into their gullet |
| Explain absorptive feeding among protist. | 1.) Taking nutrients directly from the enviroment 2.)Some are decomposers and feed on dead organic matter (detritus) 3.) Some live inside other organisms |
| What is filter feeding? What organisms use it? | 1.) food is randomly strained from water 2.) small to medium sized invertabrates eat this way 3.) Filter feeding among clams and other shell fish is why red tide is so dangerous for human beings |
| How do protist move? | 1.) ameboid motion 2.) flagella 3.) cilia |
| How do protist reproduce? | Asexually and sexually |
| Explain protist reproduction more in depth. | Most protist under go asexual reproduction routinely. Sexual reproduction occurs intermittently - often during certain times of year, or when individuals are crowded or food is scarce. |
| What is alternation generation? | The alteration of multicellular haploid and diploid form |
| What is bioluminescence? | Light emitted by an organism. It is caused by a chemical reaction in the organism. |
| Protist are a paraphyletic group, what does that mean? | they represent some, but not all, of the descendants of a sincle common ancestor |
Created by:
jessicalynnlang
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