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N232-U2-SPINAL CORD
SPINAL CORD INJURIES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| WHICH PART OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SLOWS THE BODY DOWN | PARASYMPATHETIC (PNS) |
| WHICH PART OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM SPEEDS THE BODY UP | SYMPATHETIC (SNS) |
| THE PNS AFFECTS PRESSURE AND RATE BY | LOWERING IT |
| WHICH PART OF THE NS LOWERS BP & HR | PNS |
| WHICH PART OF THE NS RAISES BP & HR | SNS |
| WHICH NS IS FOUND ALL OVER THE SPINE | PNS |
| WHICH NS IS FOUND ONLY AT T6 & T7 | SNS |
| SNS IS FOUND WHERE | T6 & T7 |
| THE PNS DOES WHAT TO VESSELS | DILATES THEM |
| THE SNS DOES WHAT TO VESSELS | CONSTRICTS THEM |
| SYMPATHETIC CONSTRICTS AND PARASYMPATHETIC | DILATES |
| A HIGH CERVICAL BREAK RESULTS IN | NO COMMUNICATION TO ANYTHING BELOW THE BREAK |
| WHAT IS THE BIGGEST SECONDARY HEALTH ISSUE AFFECTING SPINAL INJURY PATIENTS | PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS |
| THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF CERVICAL INJURIES | CAR ACCIDENTS |
| SUDDEN DECELERATION AS IN A HEAD ON COLLISION IS A | HYPERFLEXION |
| TYPE OF ACCIDENT TO CAUSE HYPERFLEXION | HEAD ON |
| A REAR END COLLISION CAUSES | HYPEREXTENSION |
| HYPEREXTENSION RESULTS FROM | REAR END COLLISIONS |
| WHEN YOU ARE HIT FROM THE BACK WHAT TYPE OF INJURY HAPPENS | HYPEREXTENSION |
| THE ANTERIOR LIGAMENTS ARE TORN AND THE ANTERIOR SPINE IS COMPRESSED IN WHAT TYPE OF INJURY | HYPEREXTENSION |
| COMPRESSION/AXIAL LOAD INJURIES OCCUR WITH | FALLS OR DIVING |
| COMPLETE SCI RESULTS IN | NO MOTOR/SENSORY ABILITIES BELOW INJURY |
| INCOMPLETE SCI RESULTS IN | SOME MOTOR/SENSORY ABILITIES BELOW THE INJURY |
| A QUADRIPLEGIC OR TETRAPLEGIC HAS AN INJURY IN WHAT PART OF THE SPINAL CORD | CERVICAL |
| A PARAPALEGIC HAS A BREAK IN WHAT AREA OF THE SPINAL CORD | THORACIC, LUMBAR OR SACRAL |
| WHAT TRIGGERS THE SECONDARY INJURIES | AUTOLYSIS |
| ENZYME DIGESTING OF CELLS IS REFERRED TO AS | AUTOLYSIS |
| A BREAK IN THE THORACIC, LUMBAR OR SACRAL IS PARAPALEGIC OR QUADRAPALEGIC | PARAPALEGIC |
| QUAD-CERVICAL, PARA- | THORACIC, LUMBAR OR SACRAL |
| PARA-THORACIC, LUMBAR OR SACRAL; QUAD- | CERVICAL |
| SPINAL INJURIES MOVE FROM PRIMARY TO SECONDARY AS A RESULT OF | AUTOLYSIS |
| UPPER MOTOR NEURONS ARE LOCATED IN THE | BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD |
| MOTOR NEURONS DESCEND; SENSORY NEURONS | ASCEND TO THE BRAIN AND THE SPINAL CORD |
| WHICH NEURON ORIGINATES IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX AND DESCENDS | MOTOR NEURONS |
| WHICH NEURON IS KNOWN AS THE FIRST MOTOR NEURON | UPPER MOTOR NEURONS |
| WHAT FACILITATES COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE UPPER AND LOWER MOTOR NEURONS | THE REFLEX ARC |
| UPPER MOTOR NEURONS ARE IN THE | BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD |
| LOWER MOTOR NEURONS ARE IN THE | SPINAL CORD AND PERIPHERAL NERVES |
| WHAT IS SEVERED AS A RESULT OF INJURY TO THE SPINAL CORD | COMMUNICATION VIA THE REFLEX ARC |
| WHICH MOTOR NEURONS SEND A SIGNAL FOR SKELETAL MUSCLE MOVEMENT | UPPER MOTOR NEURONS |
| MR TEETER HAD A CERV ICAL BREAK, HE WAS A PARAPALEGIC | |
| HE HAD UPPER MOTOR NEURON DAMAGE THAT CAUSED WHAT | SPASTICITY AND HYPERREFLEXIA |
| THE ___ MOTOR NEURONS ARE THE “1ST” AND THE ___ MOTOR NEURONS ARE THE “2ND” | UPPER ARE 1ST AND LOWER ARE 2ND |
| MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY IS AN EXAMPLE OF DAMAGE TO WHICH TYPE OF MOTOR NEURONS | LOWER |
| LOWER MOTOR NEURON DAMAGE IS DAMAGE TO THE | NERVES & MUSCLES, NOT THE SPINAL CORD |
| IS A LOWER MOTOR NEURON INJURY AN INJURY TO THE SPINAL CORD | NO |
| COMPLICATIONS FROM SCI INCLUDE | SPINAL SHOCK, NEUROGENIC SHOCK AND AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA |
| SPINAL SHOCK IS CHARACTERIZED BY | FLACCID PARALYSIS AND ABSENT REFLEXES BELOW THE LEVEL OF INJURY |
| SPINAL SHOCK OCCURS IN 50% OF SCI AND IT IS | TEMPORARY |
| FLACCID PARALYSIS AND ABSENT REFLEXES OCCUR MINUTES AFTER THE INJURY AND CAN LAST | DAYS TO MONTHS |
| WHAT PROBLEM DOES SPINAL SHOCK POSE TO CAREGIVERS | IT MAY MASK POST-INJURY NEUROLOGIC FUNCTION |
| NEUROGENIC SHOCK COMES BEFORE OR AFTER SPINAL SHOCK | AFTER |
| NEUROGENIC SHOCK IS CHARACTERIZED BY | HYPOTENSION AND BRADYCARDIA |
| NEUROGENIC SHOCK IS ASSOCIATED WITH INJURIES | ABOVE THE T6 LEVEL |
| NEUROGENIC SHOCK AND AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INJURIES ABOVE THE | T6 LEVEL |
| A BREAK ABOVE THE T6 LEVEL WILL INCREASE THE PATIENT’S RISK FOR | NEUROGENIC SHOCK AND AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA |
| AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS A | HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY |
| AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS CAUSED BY | A NOXIOUS STIMULI |
| WHAT ARE SOME REASONS FOR AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA | DISTENDED BLADDER, SHOE LACES TOO TIGHT |
| PRIORITY MANAGEMENT OF AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS | REMOVING THE NOXIOUS STIMULANT |
| WHAT ASSESSMENT SHOULD BE MADE IF A SPINAL INJURY PATIENT SUDDENLY EXPERIENCES A RISE IN BP | BLADDER DISTENTION! HOW SHOULD THE BLADDER BE DRAINED |
| AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS CHARACTERIZED BY A RISE IN BP OF | 20mmHg MORE THAN USUAL |
| RELIEF MEASURES FOR AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA ARE | REMOVING NOXIOUS STIMULI, SLOWLY DRAINING THE BLADDER, CHECKING THE BOWEL STATUS AND THEN IF NEEDED ANTI-HTN MEDS |
| INCOMPLETE SCI SYNDROMES INCLUDE | CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME, BROWN-SEQUARD AND ANTERIOR CORD SYNDROME |
| CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME IS NORMALLY SEEN IN | CERVICAL, HYPEREXTENSION INJURIES |
| WEAKNESS & SENSORY LOSS ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL CORD SYNDROOME IS USUALLY WORSE IN THE ___THAN IN THE ___ | WORSE IN ARMS THAN LEGS |
| IF A PATIENT HAS A SPINAL CORD INJURY AND THEY ARE EXPERIENCING WEAKNESS & SENSORY LOSS MORE IN THEIR ARMS THAN IN THEIR LEGS WHICH INCOMPLETE SCI DO THEY HAVE | CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME |
| CENTRAL CORD SYNDROME RESULTS FROM DAMAGE TO WHAT PART OF THE CORD | CENTRAL |
| BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY DAMAGE TO | HALF OF THE SPINAL CORD |
| WHAT MAY CAUSE A BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME INJURY | STAB WOUND |
| BROWN-SEQUARD SYNDROME RESULTS IN LOSS OF | MOTOR FUNCTION, TOUCH AND PRESSURE ON THE SAME SIDE AS THE INJURY |
| IF A PERSON IS STABBED AND THE RIGHT SIDE OF THEIR SPINAL CORD IS INJURED, WHAT SIDE WILL BE AFFECTED | THE RIGHT SIDE |
| LOSS OF MOTOR FUNCTION, TOUCH AND PRESSURE ON THE LEFT SIDE AFTER A STABBING WOULD INDICATE DAMAGE TO WHAT AREA OF THE SPINAL CORD | LEFT SIDE |
| ANTERIOR CORD SYNDROME PATIENTS EXPERIENCE LOSS OF MUSCLE STRENGTH AND PAIN AND TEMPERATURE SENSATION IN WHAT AREA | BELOW THE INJURY |
| BROWN-SEQUARD-HALF THE SPINAL CORD, ANTERIOR CORD-ANTERIOR SPINAL | ARTERY |
| WHAT IS INJURED IN ANTERIOR CORD SYNDROME | THE ANTERIOR SPINAL ARTERY |
| THE SPINAL ARTERY IS INJURED IN WHICH INCOMPLETE SCI SYNDROME | ANTERIOR CORD SYNDROME |
| INJURIES AT C-1 AND C-2 CAN BE | FATAL |
| THE RESPIRATORY CENTER IS IN THE | MEDULLA |
| C-3 AND C-4 IF NOT FATAL, WILL LEAVE THE PATIENT | VENTILATOR DEPENDENT |
| INJURIES ABOVE C-5 RESULT IN | PARALYSIS OF THE PHRENIC NERVE |
| INJURIES BELOW C-5 DO NOT ENSURE ADEQUATE | VENTILATION |
| THE PHRENIC NERVE ORIGINATES IN THE MEDULLA AND INNERVATES THE DIAPHRAGM AT | C-5 |
| THE PHRENIC NERVE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR | ADEQUATE VENTILATION |
| THE INNERVATION OF INTERCOSTALS IS LOCATED | T-1 TO T-11 |
| T7-T12 IS INNERVATION OF | ABDOMINALS |
| WHY DOES SUCTIONING CAUSE BRADYCARDIA | THE SCI PATIENT’S CARDIAC ACCELERATOR WORKS OPPOSITE FROM NORMAL |
| THE C-5 IS THE LOCATION OF | PHRENIC NERVE INNERVATION WITH THE DIAPHRAGM |
| THE T1-T11 AREA IS | INNERVATION OF INTERCOSTALS |
| T7-T12 IS INNERVATION OF | ABDOMINALS |
| C5 | PHRENIC NERVE TO DIAPHRAGM |
| T1-T11 | INTERCOSTALS |
| T7-T12 | ABDOMINALS |
| S2-S4 | BOWEL/BLADDER |
| UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER | SACRAL REFLEX IS INTACT, INJURY ABOVE T12 |
| WHERE IS THE INJURY WITH UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER | ABOVE T12 |
| IN WHICH NEURON BLADDER IS THE INJURY ABOVE THE T12 | UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER |
| WITH UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER THE BLADDER EMPTIES | AUTOMATICALLY, BUT NOT COMPLETELY |
| DOES THE BLADDER EMPTY COMPLETELY WITH UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER | NO |
| AN UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER INDICATES AN INJURY ABOVE OR BELOW THE SACRAL REFLEX | ABOVE |
| WHAT IS THE STATUS OF THE SACRAL REFLEX IN THE UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER | INTACT |
| WHAT IS THE BLADDER CALLED WHEN THE SACRAL REFLEX IS NOT INTACT | LOWER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER |
| WHAT AREA IS THE SACRAL NERVE LOCATED | T12 |
| INJURY BELOW T12 WILL RESULT IN WHAT TYPE OF BLADDER | LOWER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER, CAN’T EMPTY AT ALL |
| ABOVE THE T12 CAN THE BLADDER EMPTY | YES, BUT INCOMPLETELY |
| AN UPPER MOTOR NEURON BLADDER IS A SPASTIC, _____ BLADDER | REFLEXIC |
| IS A REFLEXIC OR SPASTIC BOWEL LOCATED ABOVE OR BELOW T12 | ABOVE |
| IS AN AREFLEXIC OR FLACCID BOWEL LOCATED ABOVE OR BELOW T12 | BELOW |
| SPASTIC | ABOVE T12 |
| FLACCID | BELOW512 |
| BOWEL TRAINING SHOULD BEGIN WITH | A CLEAN OUT |
| SHOULD HOT OR COLD LIQUIDS BE DRANK WHEN BOWEL TRAINING | HOT |
| BOWEL TRAINING REQUIRES WHAT TYPE OF DIET ALONG WITH INCREASED FLUID INTAKE | HIGH FIBER |
| DIGITAL RECTAL DILATION IS REQUIRED FOR REFLEXIVE OR AREFLEXIC BOWEL | REFLEXIVE |
| IF THE INJURY IS ABOVE THE T12 HOW DO YOU ILLICIT A BOWEL MOVEMENT | DIGITAL DILATION |
| DESCRIBE THE BOWEL MOVEMENTS FOR AREFLEXIC BOWEL | NO TONE, FREQUENT MOVEMENTS |
| ERECTION IS A PARA OR SYMPATHETIC | PARA |
| WHERE IS THE ERECTION CONTROL LOCATED | S2-S4 |
| PARASYMPATHETIC S2-24 | ERECTION |
| SYMPATHETIC CONTROL T12-L2 | EJACULATION |
| PRIORITY NURSING DIAGNOSIS FOR SCI PATIENTS | RISK FOR IMPAIRED SKIN INTEGRITY |
| HOW OFTEN SHOULD A PATIENT BE TURNED | Q 2 HRS AROUND THE CLOCK |
| HOW OFTEN SHOULD WEIGHT BE SHIFTED | Q 15 MINUTES |
| WHAT TYPE OF DIET IS IMPORTANT FOR MAINTAINING SKIN INTEGRITY | HIGH PROTEIN |
| WHERE SHOULD IM INJECTIONS BE GIVEN | ABOVE LEVEL OF INJURY |
| WHERE SHOULD IM INJECTIONS NEVER BE GIVEN | BELOW THE LEVEL OF INJURY |
Created by:
Lori Dobrisky
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