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Bios 171 Development

Chapters 21 and 22

QuestionAnswer
A fertilized egg Zygote
Programmed cell death Apoptosis
An organism that is genetically identical to its parent Clone
These genes trigger the development of specific structures appropriate to a given segment. Homeotic genes
The maternal effects gene responsible for determining the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo Bicoid
These genes are activated by maternal effects genes and activate pair-rule genes. Gap genes
A term describing the condition of having 1n chromosomes. Haploid
The “bag of enzyme” in a sperm which allows it to penetrate the coating of the ovum Acrosome
The main contents of the midpiece of a sperm. Mitochondria
These mRNA sequences are present in the egg and direct the most fundamental steps of development Cytoplasmic determinants
The substance inside the egg containing protein and fat which nourishes the embryo Yolk
Vesicles in the egg filled with enzymes which are released during fertilization. Cortical granules
The thick, external protein membrane of an ovum Vitelline envelope
Another name for the thick, external protein membrane of an ovum Zona Pellucida
A gelatinous matrix surrounding the ova of some species. Jelly Layer
These genes are activated by gap genes and activate segment polarity genes Pair rule genes
These genes are activated by pair rule genes and activate homeotic genes. Segment polarity genes
A protein which allows an egg and a sperm to interact only with members of the same species bindin
"Sealing the fate" of what a cell will develop into without yet expressing genes specific to that cell type. Determination
This occurs during development when cells begin to express proteins specific to their cell type. Differentiation
Created by: sw326108
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