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skin, hair, nails3
lecture notes n301
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Also known as atopic dermatitis, this skin disorder is characterized by itchy, pink macules or papules, commonly on flexural areas (eg. Inner elbows and posterior knees), but can occur anywhere on the body. | ECZEMA |
| A small outgrowth of skin, usually occurring on the neck, axilla, and groin | SKIN TAGS |
| Commonly known as hives, it is the accumulation of fluid in the dermal layer of the skin as a direct result of histamine release. | URTICARIA |
| Reactivation of varicella virus years after initial infection with chicken pox. A painful vesicular eruption occurs along the course of the nerve (called a dermatome) and are almost always is unilateral. | HERPES ZOSTER |
| This chronic skin disorder is commonly characterized by reddish-pink lesions covered with silvery scales. It occurs on extensor surfaces (eg. Elbows and Knees), but can appear anywhere on the body. | PSORIASIS |
| A chronic rose-colored eruption, usually located to the middle of the face (nose, cheeks, forehead, around the eyes, on the chin). | ROSACEA |
| Increased pigmentation of the face in response to the hormonal changes of pregnancy, occurs mainly on the chin, cheeks and upper lip. | MELASMA |
| Any fungal skin disease occurring on various parts of the body. | TINEA |
| Athlete’s foot | Tinea Pedis |
| Ringworm | Tinea Corporis |
| Jock itch | Tinea Cruris |
| Most common type of skin cancer. Starts as skin colored papule. Grows slowly. | Basal Cell Carcinoma |
| Type of skin cancer characterized by red, scaly sharp margins, >/= 1 c,, develops central ulcer w/erythema. Grows rapidly. | Squamous cell carcinoma |
| Very aggressive type of skin cancer. Originate in the melanocytes. Found on the skin/eyes. Kills about 1 person/hr. | Melanoma |
| What is the A,B,C,D,E,F of assessing skin cancer. | A = Asymmetry B = Border C = Color D = Diameter E = Elevation/ Enlargement F = Friend |
| What race has the lowest rate of skin cancer? | Asians |
| What race has the highest rate of skin cancer? | Caucasian, Australians |
| What type of people are most susceptible to skin cancer? | People with fair, pale, white freckled skin and red hair. |
| What stage of pressure ulcer has full thickness tissue loss, no bone or tendon exposure? | Stage III |
| Full-thickness tissue loss where the base is covered by “slough” | Unstageable |
| Classification of burn involving the epidermal layer. It’s pink, painful, edematous. Heals 3-5 days without scarring. | Superficial (First degree) |
| Classification of burn involving the epidermis and papillary region of the dermis. Blisters, bullae, seroud fluid. Painful, sensation intact. Edematous and heals 7-28 days with minimal scarring | Deep (Second Degree) |
| Pressure ulcer risk factors | - Perception/Loss of sensation - Mobility (confinement, inability to move) - Incontinence - Nutrition - Age - Friction or shear against surfaces - Mental Status |
| Small, purplish, hemorrhagic spots on the skin that appear in patients with platelet deficiencies (thrmbocytopenias) and septicemia. <2 mm. round, purple,red,brown. No blanching. | PETECHIAE |
| Extensive patches of petechial and ecchymosis. Flat, macular hemorrhage. Seen with thrombocytopenia. Seen with elderly due to minor trauma. Hematoma | PURPURA |
| Meningococci in the blood, a serious illness that may cause a disseminated rash, altered mental status, shock, and death. | MENINGOCOCCEMIA |
| What are the 3 types of burns? | Thermal, Chemical and Electrical |
| Removal of the dense, necrotic skin (eschar) formed on the skin and underlying tissue of severely burned areas. | ESCHAROTOMY |
| Toxic epidermal necrolysis which mimics partial thickness thermal injury. Clinical symptoms are fever, systemic toxicity and cutaneous lesion. It may also be a result of allergic reaction to certain medications. | Stevens-Johnson syndrome |
| Skin bruising from rubbing skin of back, chest, neck, arms in symmetrical patterns | COINING |
| Red circular lesions on forehead, chest, back when glass cups are heated and placed on skin. | CUPPING |
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