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respiratory meds usm

nursing, respiratory meds

QuestionAnswer
Glucocorticoids – Action, suppress histamine and other prostaglandins, inhibit COX-2, suppress phagocytosis & lymphocytes
suppress histamine and other prostaglandins, inhibit COX-2, suppress phagocytosis & lymphocytes Glucocorticoids – Action
Hypersensitivity reaction give what steroids to suppress the histamine
Glucocorticoid drugs Ex: prednisone, decadron, celeston
prednisone, decadron, celeston are used for severe inflammation; asthma, Ca, arthritis
if you have severe inflammation; asthma, Ca, arthritis what will you take glucocorticoids
Side effects seen in Glucocorticoids adrenal suppression, hyperglycemia, mood changes, cataracts, PUD, electrolyte changes, osteoporosis, wt gain ( cause the sugar) , bruising
Asthma patient who is taking glucocorticoids will have bruising
Drugs of coice for long tierm prophylaxis of asthma inhaled glucocorticoids
Inhaled glucocorticoids are taken daily Systemic side effects rarely observed
Oral drugs Glucocorticoids are used for short-term therapy of severe, acute asthma
Oral Glucocorticoid therapy should last Limit therapy to under 10 days
When givien glucocorticoids Take with food – gi upset ,Watch for infections-Reverse isolation
When givien glucocorticoids Monitor for blood sugar & BP ( make sure its not going up) Cushing’s: moon face, etc
When taking glucocorticoids and discontinuing Don’t abruptly discontinue
Glucocorticoids are Contraindicated in those w/ impaired immune function (hiv – if it outweighs the risk or cancer patient)
May impair Growth & Development (short and typically get a pot-belly) glucocorticoids
Intranasal Glucorticoids side effects Less Ses – right into nasal instead of systemically
Intranasal glucorticoids Flonase, Nasonex
allergic rhinitis use what drugs intranasal glucorticoids
Action: decreases local inflammation in nasal passages, thus reducing nasal stuffiness intranasal glucorticoids
Action of intranasal glucorticoids decreases local inflammation in nasal passages, thus reducing nasal stuffiness
When using Intranasal Glucorticoids … Make sure the nasal mucosa is intact ,Lay back , 1-2 sprays each nostril
Blocks H1 receptors antihistamines
Used for allergies antihistamines
First generation antihistamine… usually have more sedation effects
Example of a first generation antihist. Ex-Benadryl
Second generation sedation, side effect…. usually have very little sedation, can make jittery if you take it too close together from last time that you took the meds.
Second generation antihistamine examples : Ex-Zyrtec, Claritin
Antihistamines warn patients of side effects such as : SEs: drowsiness; occasionally, paradoxical CNS stimulation and excitability ,May cause photosensitivity
drowsiness; occasionally, paradoxical CNS stimulation and excitability ,May cause photosensitivity are side effects of antihistamines
Antihistamines have what other effects : Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, tachycardia, mild hypotension
Tell your patient when taking anithistamines to avoid… other CNS depressants
When should you use antihistamines ? Adm prior to initiation of symptoms if possible – take when you know you might have allergic reactions.
Sympathomimetics are also known as Decongestants
Sympathomimetics action is .. Action: stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in sympathetic nervous system
Action: stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in sympathetic nervous system sympathomimetics
Decongestants do what ? Causes arterioles in nasal passages to constrict ; Dries mucous membranes
Sympathomimetic drugs are Ex: Afrin, primatene, sudafed
Afrin, Primatene, Sudafed are what .. decongestants , sympathomimetics
Side effect of Afrin – rebound nasal congestion,
Primatene has led to heart attacks
If you have nasal congestion need to use sympathomimetic / decongestant
: rebound congestion is a side effect of sympathomimetic/ decongestant
Mostvpeople like the decongest. Cause it opens up right away.
Sympathomimetics Nursing Implications Only use for 3-5 days
Don’t give sympathomimets to what patients Don’t give with HTN pts, increase pressure
The patient has been prescribed oxymetazoline ( afrin) The nurse understands that … The most serious side effect is rebound congestion
Which group of drugs mimic the SNS beta agonist bronchodilators
Selective beta agonist bronchodilators are Ex- Albuterol, Xopenex, Serevent, Advair
The action of Beta agonist bronchodilators Action-Stimulates beta2 increasing cAMP causing bronchodilation
Action-Stimulates beta2 increasing cAMP causing bronchodilation beta agonist bronchodilators
Which drug would you use for acute issue of asthma Albuterol – acute issues, I need help now, may be included in maintenance, stimulates beta 2
Which beta agonist bronchodilators comes only as a nebulizer Xopenex – maintenance, only comes in a nebulizer
Beta agonist bronchodilators that are used for maintenance servernt, advair
Nonselective Beta agonist bronchodilators drugs Epinephrine (short half-life)
Beta agonist bronchodilators action Action-Stimulates beta1 and 2 relaxing smooth muscle and dilates trachea w/t the release of cAMP; more cardiac SE
Action-Stimulates beta1 and 2 relaxing smooth muscle and dilates trachea w/t the release of cAMP; more cardiac SE Beta agonist bronchodilators
When giving Beta agonist bronchodilators what effect will happen and what will you have to do will have cardiac effect, may have to balance out tachycardia – such as injection of a beta blocker, lidocaine,
Beta agonist bronchodilators are Contraindicated in patients with cardiac problems already
Beta Agonist Bronchodilators Most effective drugs for relieving acute bronchospasm
bronchial asthma, bronchitis, bronchospasm, and pulmonary diseases you will need Beta agonist bronchodilators
Can be used for both quick relief and long-term control Beta agonist bronchodilators
The patient is using beta agonist for treatment of asthma. The nurse teaches that the action of this drug is : relaxing bronchiole smooth muscle, thereby causing bronchiodilation
Beta Agonist Bronchodilators side effects are SE-tachycardia, palpitations, HTN, anxiety
Do not give Beta agonist bronchodilators w/ … MAO inhibitors-HTN crisis
Created by: ameliarae
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