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Lecture2test
Muscles&Nerves
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell bodies of sensory neurons are found in the | Dorsal root ganglia |
| Cell bodies of motor neurons are found in the | Ventral horn |
| Axons of sensory neurons enter the CNS via the | Dorsal root |
| Axons of motor neurons leave the CNS via the | Ventral root |
| Protein producing organelles in nerve cells are | Nissl bodies |
| The central fissure (sulcus) separates the | Frontal and parietal lobes |
| Cranial Nerve I | Olfactory |
| Cranial Nerve II | Optic |
| Cranial Nerve III | Oculomotor |
| Cranial Nerve IV | Trochlear |
| Cranial Nerve V | Trigeminal |
| Cranial Nerve VI | Abducens |
| Cranial Nerve VII | Facial |
| Cranial Nerve VIII | Vestibulocochlear |
| Cranial Nerve IX | Glossopharyngeal |
| Cranial Nerve X | Vagus |
| Cranial Nerve XI | Accessory |
| Cranial Nerve XII | Hypoglossal |
| Sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system are usually | pseudounipolar |
| A type of neuroglia not found in the CNS | satellite cells |
| Which cranial nerve would turn the eye laterally | Abducens |
| Nerve for eyelid movement | Oculomotor |
| Cranial nerve for secretion of tears and saliva | Facial |
| Cranial nerve for facial touch and pain | Trigeminal |
| Cranial nerve that controls swallowing movements | Accessory |
| Sends 2 point discrimiination, deep pressure, vibration, conscious muscle sense | Dorsal column |
| Dorsal column ascends | Ipsilaterally |
| Dorsal column synapses in the | Thalamus |
| Dorsal column crosses in the | Medulla |
| Pain and temperature is carried by the | Lateral spinothalamic tract |
| Lateral spinothalamic tract synapses in the | Thalamus |
| Lateral spinothalamic tract crosses in the | Spinal cord at entry |
| Anterior spinothalamic tract crosses in the | Spinal cord at entry |
| Anterior spinothalamic tract sends info about | Light touch, light pressure |
| Posterior spinocerebellar tract sends info about | Unconscious muscle and joint sense |
| Posterior spinocerebellar tract crosses in the | Does not cross |
| Anterior spinocerebellar tract sends info about | Unconscious muscle and joint sense |
| Anterior spinocerebellar tract crosses in the | Spinal cord at entry |
| Occipito frontalis (epicranium & Galea) | Fascial expression - raises eyebrows, tenses scalp |
| Orbicularis oculi | Facial expression - closes eyelids |
| Orbicularis oris | Facial expression - closes lips |
| Buccinator | Facial expression - tenses cheek |
| Zygomaticus major | Facial expression - Raises corner of mouth |
| Temporalis | Mastication - Raises front of mandible |
| Masseter | Mastication - Raises mandible; side to side |
| Medial Pterygoid | Mastication - raises mandible; side to side |
| Digastric | Mastication - Depresses mandible; raises hyoid |
| Sternohyoid | Infrahyoid - Depresses hyoid |
| Sternothyroid | Infrahyoid - depresses larynx |
| Sternocleidomastoid | Flexors of Head and Neck - Rotates face to opposite side |
| Scalenes | Flexors of Head and Neck - bend sideways |
| External intercostals | Anterior trunk muscle - elevates ribs |
| Internal intercostals | Anterior trunk muscle - depresses ribs |
| External obliques | Anterior trunk muscle - Increase abdominal pressure, trunk flexion and rotation |
| Internal obliques | Anterior trunk muscle - Increase abdominal pressure, trunk flexion and rotation |
| Transversus abdominus | Anterior trunk muscle - Increase abdominal pressure |
| Rectus abdominus (linea alba) | Anterior trunk muscle - Flexion of trunk, protection of abdomen |
| Diaphragm | Anterior trunk muscle - depresses central tendon |
| Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) | Postvertebral muscles - Extends vertebral column |
| Splenius capitis | Postvertebral muscles - hyperextends head; rotates face to same side |
| Pelvic diaphragm | Pelvic floor muscle - elevates pelvic floor |
| Urogenital diaphragm | Pelvic floor muscle - Supports genitalia; closes urethra; dilates during labor |
| Trapezius | Pectoral Girdle - Adducts scapula; elevates acromion |
| Rhomboids | Pectoral Girdle - Adduct and elevate scapula |
| Levator scapulae | Pectoral Girdle - Elevates scapula |
| Serratus anterior | Pectoral Girdle - Abducts (protracts) scapula |
| Pectoralis minor | Pectoral Girdle - Depresses and protracts scapula |
| Pectoralis major | Shoulder joint muscle - Flexes and adducts humerus |
| Latissimus dorsi | Shoulder joint muscle - Extends, hyperextends and adducts humerus |
| Deltoid (whole muscle) | Shoulder joint muscle - Abducts humerus |
| Deltoid (anterior third) | Shoulder joint muscle - Flexes humerus |
| Deltoid (posterior third) | Shoulder joint muscle - Extends and hyperextends humerus |
| Subscapularis | Shoulder joint muscle - Medially rotates humerus |
| Teres major | Shoulder joint muscle - Medially rotates and adducts humerus |
| Teres minor | Shoulder joint muscle - Laterally rotates humerus |
| Infraspinatus | Shoulder joint muscle - Laterally rotates humerus |
| Supraspinatus | Shoulder joint muscle - Weakly abducts humerus |
| Biceps brachii | Anterior upper arm - Flexes elbow, helps supinater |
| Brachialis | Anterior upper arm - Flexes elbow |
| Triceps brachii | Posterior upper arm - Extends elbow |
| Pronator teres | Anterior forearm, superficial layer - pronates radius |
| Flexor carpi radialis | Anterior forearm, superficial layer - flexes wrist joint |
| Palmaris longus | Anterior forearm, superficial layer - flexes wrist joint |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris | Anterior forearm, superficial layer - flexes wrist joint |
| Flexor digitorum superficialis | Anterior forearm, middle layer - Flexes 4 fingers (carries luggage) |
| Flexor pollicis longus | Anterior forearm, deep layer - flexes thumb |
| Flexor digitorum profundus | Anterior forearm, deep layer - flexes 4 fingertips (keyboarding) |
| Brachioradialis | Posterior forearm, superficial layer - paradoxically flexes elbow when hand partially pronated (hand to mouth) |
| Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis | Posterior forearm, superficial layer - extends wrist joint |
| Extensor digitorum | Posterior forearm, superficial layer - extends 4 fingers |
| Supinator | Posterior forearm, deep layer - supinates radius |
| Extensor pollicis longus | Posterior forearm, deep layer - (only tendon is visible) extends thumb |
| Extensor pollicis brevis | Posterior forearm, deep layer - extends thumb |
| Iliopsoas (fused iliacus and psoas major) | Anterior hip - Flex hip joint (kickers) |
| Gluteus maximus | Posterior hip - Extends and laterally rotates femur |
| Gluteus medius | Posterior hip - Abducts femur |
| Gluteus minimus | Posterior hip - Abducts and medially rotates femur |
| Piriformis | Posterior hip - Laterally rotates femur |
| Obturator internus | Posterior hip - laterally rotates femur |
| Quadratus femoris | Posterior hip - laterally rotates femur |
| Quadriceps femoris | Anterior thigh - Extends knee, flexes hip |
| Rectus femoris | Anterior thigh - Extends knee; helps flex hip |
| Vastus lateralis and medialis | Anterior thigh - extends knee |
| Sartorius | Anterior thigh - weakly flexes hip and knee |
| Biceps femoris | Posterior thigh - flexes knee, extends hip |
| Semitendinosus | Posterior thigh - flexes knee; extends hip |
| Semimembranosus | Posterior thigh - flexes knee; extends hip |
| Pectineus | Medial thigh - flexes hip; adducts femur |
| Adductor longus | Medial thigh - adducts femur |
| Gracilis | Medial thigh - adducts femur; flexes knee |
| Adductor magnus | Medial thigh - adducts femur |
| Fibularis longus | Lateral leg - everts foot; supports arches |
| Fibularis brevis | Lateral leg - everts foot |
| Tibialis anterior | Anterior leg - Dorsiflexes foot |
| Extensor hallucis longus | Anterior leg - straightens big toe |
| Extensor digitorum longus | Anterior leg - straightens 4 toes |
| Gastrocnemius | Posterior leg - plantar flexes foot |
| Soleus | Posterior leg - plantar flexes foot |
| Flexor hallucis longus | Posterior leg - flexes big toe |
| Flexor digitorum longus | Posterior leg - flexes 4 toes |
Created by:
bjperkins
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