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Microbiology Exam #2
organism requirements, growth control, cellular respiration, diseases
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| organisms that gain energy from the sun | phototrophs |
| organisms that result from the replication of a single cell | pure culture |
| method with high heat, short time for treating foods | high heat Pasteurization |
| control method that damages DNA and produces thymine dimmers | UV Radiation |
| treatment effective against Pseudomonas spp., common bacteria of nosocomial infections | Radiation |
| metabolic process that takes in carbon dioxide | photosynthesis |
| metabolic process that produces NADPH | pentose phosphate pathway |
| 4 diseases that can be spread sexually | AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chancroid |
| process that produces ATP by adding phospahate directly to ADP | substrate level phosphorylation |
| optimal temperature for mesophiles | 20*C-45*C |
| reduction of microbes to reach health standards | sanitation |
| destroys microbes, including endospores, But can be mutagenic | ethylene oxide |
| reduced when glucose is oxidized | NAD & FAD |
| end products of glycolysis | 2 each of ATP, NADH, Pyruvate |
| at the end of this process the energy acceptor is pyruvate, an organic compound | fermentation |
| organism that needs oxygen for metabolism | obligate aerobe |
| organism that uses preformed organic molecules as carbon source and energy source | chemoheterotroph |
| type of causitive agent of Dengue | virus |
| causitive agent is Borrelia burdorferi | Lyme disease |
| disease caused by trematode that normally affects birds | Swimmers itch |
| disease caused by Gonyaulax spp. | Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning |
| disease treated with an antifungal | Sporotrichosis |
| technique that adds chemicals (generally salt or sugar) to increase shelf life of foods | preservation |
| organism that prefers oxygen but does NOT need it | facultative anaerobe |
| organism that gains carbon from organic molecules and gets energy from the sun | chemoautotroph |
| organism that uses carbon dioxide as a carbon source | autotroph |
| medium that enhances the growth of one particular organism in a mixed population | selective media |
| type of control that, unlike a disinfectant, is nontoxic enough to be used on human skin | antiseptic |
| time it takes to kill 90% of a population | D time |
| control method that kills bacteria by damaging DNA | UV light |
| # of ATP generated by glycolysis | 2-4 |
| causitive agent of filariasis | Wuchereria bancrofti (roundworm) |
| type of subunit that uses beta oxidation | fatty acid |
| enzyme that breaks up starch | amylase |
| 2 problems with overuse of antimicrobials | resistance & toxicity |
| outputs of transition step | 2 each of Acetyl CoA, NADH, CO2 |
| outputs of TCA/Krebs Cycle | 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP, 4 CO2 |
| outputs of electron transport chain | 10 NAD, 2 FAD, 6 H2O, 30 ATP |
| maximum yeild of oxidative phophorylation | 34 ATP |
| maximum yeild of substrate phosphorylation | 4 ATP |
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