What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Support, storage depot for essential minerals, aids in support and movement, protection.

Components of the skeletal system?

bones, cartilages, and joints that form the internal framework.

Classification of long bones:

longer than they are wide. Has a shaft plus two distinct ends. Most bones in the limbs are long bones.

Classification of short bones:

roughly cube-shaped. Occur in the wrist and ankle.

Classification of flat bones:

Thin, flattened and somewhat curved. Most cranial bones of the skull are flat, as are the ribs, sternum and scapula.

Classification of irregular bones:

Various shapes. Examples are the vertebrae and hip bones.

Long bone structure: Sharpey's fibers

collagenous fibers that pass from the periosteum and are embedded in the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae of bone.

Long bone structure: diaphysis

is the long tubular portion. It is composed of compact bone tissue.

Long bone structure: medullary cavity

the open area within the diaphysis. The adipose tissue inside the cavity stores lipids and forms the yellow marrow.

long bone structure: articular cartilage

covers the epiphysis where joints occur.

long bone structure: periosteum

the membrane covering the outside of the diaphysis. It contains osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), osteoclasts (bone-destroying cells), nerve fibers, and blood and lymphatic vessels. Ligaments and tendons attach to it.

long bone structure: endosteum

the membrane that lines the marrow cavity.

long bone structure: epiphyseal line

a remnant of cartilage from growing bones.

long bone structure: epiphysis

proximal- expanded end of a long bone. Forms a joint with another bone.

long bone structure: epiphysis

distal- expanded end of a long bone. Forms a joint with another bone.

main marrow that gives rise to all the red blood cells, white blood cells as well as to the platelets and are located in the flat bones such as hip bones, skull bone, ribs, breast bone and the vertebra.

located in the hollow centers of the long bones such as in the legs and in the arms. largely consists of fat cells. has ability to convert itself into red marrow in case of large volume blood losses

chemical composition of bone

35% organic components. Composed of cells, fibers, and organic substances. Collagen – abundant

chemical composition of a bone

65% inorganic mineral salts. Primarily calcium phosphate. Resists compression.

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Skeletal Sys 6

Lecture test

Question	Answer
What are the functions of the skeletal system?	Support, storage depot for essential minerals, aids in support and movement, protection.
Components of the skeletal system?	bones, cartilages, and joints that form the internal framework.
Classification of long bones:	longer than they are wide. Has a shaft plus two distinct ends. Most bones in the limbs are long bones.
Classification of short bones:	roughly cube-shaped. Occur in the wrist and ankle.
Classification of flat bones:	Thin, flattened and somewhat curved. Most cranial bones of the skull are flat, as are the ribs, sternum and scapula.
Classification of irregular bones:	Various shapes. Examples are the vertebrae and hip bones.
long bone structure: Compact bone	dense outer layer of bone
Long bone structure: Spongy (cancellous) bone	internal network of bone
Long bone structure: Sharpey's fibers	collagenous fibers that pass from the periosteum and are embedded in the outer circumferential and interstitial lamellae of bone.
Long bone structure: diaphysis	is the long tubular portion. It is composed of compact bone tissue.
Long bone structure: medullary cavity	the open area within the diaphysis. The adipose tissue inside the cavity stores lipids and forms the yellow marrow.
long bone structure: articular cartilage	covers the epiphysis where joints occur.
long bone structure: periosteum	the membrane covering the outside of the diaphysis. It contains osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), osteoclasts (bone-destroying cells), nerve fibers, and blood and lymphatic vessels. Ligaments and tendons attach to it.
long bone structure: endosteum	the membrane that lines the marrow cavity.
long bone structure: epiphyseal line	a remnant of cartilage from growing bones.
long bone structure: epiphysis	proximal- expanded end of a long bone. Forms a joint with another bone.
long bone structure: epiphysis	distal- expanded end of a long bone. Forms a joint with another bone.
Red marrow	main marrow that gives rise to all the red blood cells, white blood cells as well as to the platelets and are located in the flat bones such as hip bones, skull bone, ribs, breast bone and the vertebra.
yellow marrow	located in the hollow centers of the long bones such as in the legs and in the arms. largely consists of fat cells. has ability to convert itself into red marrow in case of large volume blood losses
chemical composition of bone	35% organic components. Composed of cells, fibers, and organic substances. Collagen – abundant
chemical composition of a bone	65% inorganic mineral salts. Primarily calcium phosphate. Resists compression.

Created by: Snail

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