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Bio Vocab Ch 2

Biology Chapter 2 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Atom the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means
Element a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.
Compound is a substance made of the joined atoms of two or more different elements.
Molecule A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Ion An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons.
Cohesion an attraction between substances of the same kind.
Adhesion an attraction between different substances
Solution a mixture in which one or more substances are evenly distributed in another substance.
Acids Compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
Bases compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
Carbohydrate organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the proportion of 1:2:1. They are the key source of energy found in most foods.
Monosaccharides simple sugars which are the building blocks of carbohydrates
protein a large molecule formed by linked smaller molecules called amino acids.
lipid are nonpolar molecules that are not soluble or mostly insoluble in water.
Amino acids the building blocks of proteins.
nucleic acid a long chain of smaller molecules called nucleotides.
nucleotide has three parts: a sugar, a base, and a phosphate group, which contains phosphorus and oxygen atoms.
DNA also called deoxyribonucleic acid, consists of two strands of nucleotides that spiral around each other.
ATP adenosine triphosphate, is a single nucleotide with two extra energy-storing phosphate groups
energy the ability to move or change matter.
activation energy energy needed to start a chemical reaction
enzymes substances that increase the speed of chemical reactions
substrate A substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction
active sites location where an enzyme and a substrate interact in a way that reduces the activation energy of the reaction.
Created by: mrcunningham1
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