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PharmTest2
Pharm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| BARBITUATES | Phenobarbital, Pentobarbital, Thiopental; GABA(a) receptor agonist; @ low = increases GABA-induced opening; @ high = directly activates & opens; NEVER GIVE CNS STIMULANTS |
| Phenobarbital | Long-acting barb; enhance GABA(a) receptor; USE = daytime sedative, antiseizure (tonic-clonic & partial); AE = hypothermia, hyoptension, bradypnea, bradycardia, rapid weak thready pulse, cold/cyanotic skin |
| Pentobarbital | Mid-acting barb; enhance GABA(a) receptor; USE = hypnotic (insomnia), preop sedative; AE = hypothermia, hyoptension, bradypnea, bradycardia, rapid weak thready pulse, cold/cyanotic skin |
| Thiopental | Short-acting barb; enhance GABA(a) receptor; USE = induction of anesthesia; AE = hypothermia, hyoptension, cardiac/resp depression, cold/cyanotic skin |
| BENZODIAZEPINES | Alprazolam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Flurazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Temazapam; GABA(a) receptor agonists; No effect without GABA; NEVER GIVE ALCOHOL |
| Alprazolam | Mid-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = anxiety; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Chlordiazepoxide | Mid-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = anxiety, anesthetic; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Clonazepam | Long-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = seizures, mania, muscle spasticity; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Diazepam | Long-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = anxiety, status epilepticus, muscle spasticity, anesthetic; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Flurazepam | Long-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = insomnia; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Lorazepam | Mid-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = anxiety, status epilepticus, anesthetic; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Midazolam | Short-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = anesthetic (amnestic/anxiolytic); AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Temazapam | Mid-acting benzo; enhance GABA(a) receptors; USE = insomnia; AE = sedation, altered sleep pattern, anterograde amnesia |
| Flunitrazepam | benzodiazepine (used as a date rape) |
| Zolpidem | Binds @ BZ1 site of GABA(a); USE = hypnotic (insomnia); AE = headache, bitter aftertaste (1st week), morning sedation (if taken too late), sleep-walking/eating |
| Zaleplon | Binds @ BZ1 site of GABA(a); USE = hypnotic (insomnia); AE = headache, bitter aftertaste (1st week), morning sedation (if taken too late), sleep-walking/eating |
| Eszopiclone | Binds @ BZ1 site of GABA(a); USE = hypnotic (insomnia); AE = headache, bitter aftertaste (1st week), morning sedation (if taken too late), sleep-walking/eating |
| Flumazenil | Competitive GABA antagonist; USE = benzo overdose; AE = agitation, confusion, risk of seizure |
| Melatonin | 5-HT derivative from pineal (controlled by light); USE = promote sleep (from jet lag) |
| Ramelteon | MT1/2 agonist (in SCN); USE = hypnotic (promotes falling asleep); AE = hyperprolactinemia, hypogonadism, infertility, osteoporosis, decreased testosterone |
| Doxylamine | H1 receptor antagonist (also anticholinergic & anti-alpha adrenergic); USE = hypnotic; AE = daytime sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention |
| Diphenhydramine | H1 receptor antagonist (also anticholinergic & anti-alpha adrenergic); USE = hypnoti, dystoniasc; AE = daytime sedation, dry mouth, urinary retention |
| Alcohol | |
| Sodium Oxybate | GABA(b) agonist (made into GABA @ high conc); USE = narcolepsy; AE = resp/cv depression, LOC, seizures, urinary incontinence, dizziness |
| GHB | GABA(b) agonist (made into GABA @ high conc); USE = date rape; AE = resp/cv depression, LOC, seizures, urinary incontinence, dizziness |
| Modafinil | Inhibit DAT/NET (stimulant); USE = narcolepsy, excessive sleepiness (from apnea, shift-work); AE = headache |
| SPASMOLYTICS | Baclofen, Tizanidine, Dantrolene, Diazepam, Clonazepam; USE = MS, ALS, spinal transection, cerebral palsy |
| Baclofen | GABA(b) agonist; AE = drowsiness, seizures |
| Tizanidine | alpha2-agonist; AE = drowsiness, hypotension, dry mouth |
| Dantrolene | Decrease Ca+2 release from SR; AE = muscle weakness (NOT used in ALS), hepatotoxicity |
| Carbamazepine | Inhibits Na+ channels; USE = partial & generalized tonic-clonic seizures, mania (bipolar); AE = liver damage (need LFTs), aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, hyponatremia, teratogen; OTHER = induced own metabolism (CYP450) |
| Phenytoin | Inhibits Na+ channels; USE = partial & generalized tonic-clonic seizures, status epilepticus; AE = gingival hyperplasia, hirsuitism, teratogen, nystagmus; OTHER = monitor thyroid function, induces CYP450 |
| Lamotrigine | Inhibits Na+ channels & glutamate release; USE = partial & generalized tonic-clonic seizures, Lennox-Gastaut (<16), bipolar (maintenance); AE = toxic epidermal necrolysis, DIC, hypersensitivity |
| Valproate | Inhibits Na+ & T-type Ca+2 channels, inhibits GABA-T, stimulates GAD; USE = all seizures, mania (bipolar); AE = hepatotoxicity (LFTs needed), NTDs, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia; OTHER = highly protein bound |
| Topiramate | Inhibit Na+ channel, enhance GABA, AMPA/KA antagonist; USE = partial seizures; AE = metabolic acidosis, renal calculi, myopia, hyperthermia, language dysfunction |
| Gabapentin | Decrease Ca+2 influx (little NE, Glu), increased GABA; USE = partial seizures; AE = peripheral edema, behavor disorders |
| Ethosuximide | Inhibits T-type Ca+2 channels; USE = absence seizures; AE = blood dyscrasias, skin rxn's, photophobia |
| Fosphenytoin | USE = status epilepticus |
| Corticotropin | USE = infantile spasms (before 1st yr) |
| Prednisone | USE = infantile spasms (before 1st yr) |
| Absence seizures | Ethosuxomide, Valproate, Lamotrigine |
| Partial Seizures | Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Lamotrigine, Valproate, Topiramate, Gabapentin, Phenobarbital (infants) |
| Tonic-Clonic Seizures | Valproate, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Phenobarbital (infantile) |
| Status Epilepticus | Lorazepam, Diazepam, Fosphenytoin |
| Infantile Spasms | Corticotropin, Prednisone |
| IV Anesthetics | Thiopental (barbiturates), Etomidate, Propofol, Opioids, Ketamine, Midazolam (Benzo) |
| Inhaled Anesthetics | Halothane, Isoflurane, Desflurane, Sevoflurane, Nitrous Oxide |
| Local Anesthetics | Esters (cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine) [plasma cholinesterase] & amides (lidocaine, bupivocaine) [CYP450]; given with Epinephrine to decrease rate of absorption |
| Halothane | GABA(a) agonist; USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia; AE = malignant hyperthermia (w/ succinylcholine), myocardial depression, arrhythmias |
| Isoflurane | GABA(a) agonist; USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia; AE = airway irritation, increased HR |
| Desflurane | GABA(a) agonist; USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia; AE = airway irritation, increased HR |
| Sevoflurane | GABA(a) agonist; USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia; AE = decreased CO, risk of renal failure (fluoride toxicity) |
| Nitrous Oxide | GABA(a) agonist; USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia (incomplete anesthetic); AE = Increase ICP |
| Propofol | Potentiate GABA(a); USE = induction/maintenance of anesthesia, anti-emetic; AE = repiratory depression, dec in MAP |
| Etomidate | Potentiate GABA(a); USE = induction of anesthesia; AE = myoclonus, post-op nausea/vomit, adrenal suppression |
| Ketamine | NMDA receptor antagonist; USE = minor surgical procedures; AE = inc cerebral flow, cardiac stimulant (leads to depression) |
| Injectible Local Anesthetics | Procaine, Lidocaine, Bupivocaine |
| Skin/MM Local Anesthetics | Benzocaine, Lidocaine, Cocaine |
| Ophthalmological Local Anesthetic | Proparacaine |
| Cocaine | Inhibit monoamine uptake; USE = topical anesthesia; AE = cardiomegaly, paranoia, psychosis, nasal septum damage, withdrawal (increased appetite, ahedonia, depression) |
| Procaine | Block Na+ channels (intra); USE = infiltration anesthesia, diagnostic nerve blocks; AE = hypersensitivity rxn's due to PABA |
| Benzocaine | Block Na+ channels (intra); USE = topical to wounds/ulcers |
| Lidocaine | Block Na+ channels (intra); USE = intermediate local, antiarrhythmic |
| Bupivocaine | USE = minor surgical procedures; AE = CV depression (hypotension) |
| Tetradotoxin/Saxitoxin | Blocks Na+ channel (outer pore) |
| Parkinson's Tx | Levodopa, carbidopa, bromocriptine, ropinirole, pramipexole, rotigotine, amantadine, rasagiline, selegiline, propranolol, benztropine, trihexyphenidyl, entacapone |
| Alzheimer's Tx | donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine |
| Levodopa | Converted into dopamine (acts @ D2 to inhibit GABA & cholinergic); USE = Parkinsons; AE = nausea, orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, psychosis, dyskinesia, "on-off" phenomena; OTHER = don't give w/ MAOIs (HTN crisis) or antipsychotics (antagonistic) |
| Carbidopa | DOPA-decarboxylase inhibitor (periphery); USE = adjunct to levodopa; AE = less side effects due to less need for high L-dopa |
| Rasagiline | MAO B inhibitor (CNS); USE = Parksinson's |
| Selegiline | MAO B inhibitor (CNS - older); USE = Parkinson's |
| Entecapone | COMT inhibitor (prevent further L-dopa breakdown in periphery); USE = Parkinson's; AE = HTN @ high doses |
| Bromocriptine | Partial D2 agonist; USE = adjunct in Parksinson's (reduce "on-off" incidence); AE = nausea, orthostatic HoTN, hallucinations, dyskinesias |
| Ropinirole | D2 agonist; USE = early stage Parkinsons; AE = nausea, orthostatic HoTN, hallucinations, dyskinesias |
| Pramipexole | D2 agonist; USE = early stage Parkinsons; AE = nausea, orthostatic HoTN, hallucinations, dyskinesias |
| Rotigotine | D2 agonist; USE = early stage Parkinsons; AE = nausea, orthostatic HoTN, hallucinations, dyskinesias; OTHER = transdermal |
| Benztropine/Trihexyphenidyl | Muscarinic cholinergic antagonist; USE = very early stage parksinson's, dystonias; AE = dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention |
| Amantadine | Displaces dopamine from nerve terminals; USE = early stage parkinson's; AE = hallucinations |
| Donepezil | AChE inhibitor; USE = Alzheimers; AE = NVD, anorexia, abdominal pain |
| Rivastigmine | AChE inhibitor; USE = Alzheimers; AE = NVD, anorexia, abdominal pain |
| Galantamine | AChE inhibitor; USE = Alzheimers; AE = NVD, anorexia, abdominal pain |
| Memantine | NMDA receptor antagonist; USE = Alzheimers (slows progression) |
| Albuterol | Short-acting beta2-agonists, transcellular shift K+ into cell; USE = acute, severe asthma (bronchodilator), hyperkalemia |
| Tiotropium | Long-acting M3 competitive antagonist; USE = asthma (intolerant to Beta-agonists); AE = urinary retention, tachycardia, dry mouth, loss of accomodation |
| Ipratropium | Short-acting M3 competitive antagonist; USE = asthma (intolerant to Beta-agonists); AE = urinary retention, tachycardia, dry mouth, loss of accomodation |
| Theophylline | Inhibit phosphodiesterase, adenosine receptor antagonist; USE = asthma; AE = arrhythmias, tachycardia, arousal, tremor; OTHER = macrolides cause major buildup |
| Fluticasone | Inhibit cytokine production & PLA2 activity, potentiate beta-agonists; USE = asthma (anti-inflammatory); AE = cataracts, decreased bone density, oral candidiasis, wt gain, Cushingoid syndrome, adrenal suppression |
| Montelukast | Reversible inhibitor of Cysteinyl leukotriene-1 receptor (block LTC4/D4/E4); USE = prevent aspirin/exercise induced asthma; AE = abnormal LFTs |
| Cromolyn | Inhibit delayed chloride channels & IgE production; USE = prophylaxis for exercise induced asthma; AE = throat irritant, cough, dry mouth, chest tightness |
| Omalizumab | Removing unbound IgE (prevent interaction with mast cells); USE = asthma prevention |
| Fomepizole | Inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH); USE = methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning |
| Ethanol | Inhibit NMDA receptor, potentiate GABA-mediated inc in Cl- conductance, CB1 agonist (decreased LHRH); AE = tachycardia, arrhythmia, euphoria, dehydration, gastritis, pancreatitis, hepatitis, teratogen |
| Disulfuram | Inhibitis acetaldehyde DH; USE = alcohol cessation (negative feedback); AE = nausea, emesis, cutaneous vasodilation, jaundice |
| Alcohol Dependence Signs/Symptoms | Tremors, hyper-reflexia, sweating, hallucinations, delirium tremens (3-4 days after), hyperthermia, Wernicke-Korsakoff, pellagra, tonic-clonic seizures, decreased appetite (7kcals/g), GI problems, erectile dysfunction, testicular atrophy |
| Naltrexone | opiate antagonist (reduces reinforcing effects in Nac); USE = alcohol dependence |
| Acamprosate | Inhibit NMDA receptor (reduces craving); USE = alcoholism |
| MAOIs | Tranylcypromine |
| TCAs | Imipramine, desipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline |
| SSRIs | fluoxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, duloxetine |
| Antidepressants (ALL) | MAOIs, SSRIs, TCAs, trazodone, bupropion, mirtazapine |
| Bipolar (Manic) | Antipsychotics (haloperidol, olanzipine, quetiapine, aripiprazole), benzos (lorazepam, diazepam, clonazepam), antiseizure (valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine) |
| Bipolar (Depression) | olanzapine & fluoxetine, lamotrigine, quetiapine |
| Bipolar | lithium, antiseizure (valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine) |
| ADHD | D-amphetamine, methylphenidate, atomoxetine |
| Tranylcypromine | Irreversibly inhibit MAO A & B; USE = antidepressant, panic disorder, phobias; AE = orthostatic HoTN, insomnia, hypomania, agitation, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome (w/ SSRIs); OTHER = avoid tyramine (cheese, red wine) |
| Imipramine | Tertiary amine; blocks 5HT/NE reuptake, also muscarinic, H1, a1; USE = depression, migraine, ADHD, chronic pain, OCD; AE =sedation, orthostatic HoTN, conduction block, arrhythmias, dry mouth, confusion, increased appetite |
| Desipramine | Secondary amine; blocks 5HT/NE(primary) reuptake, also muscarinic, H1, a1; USE = depression, migraine, ADHD, chronic pain, OCD; AE =sedation, orthostatic HoTN, conduction block, arrhythmias, dry mouth, confusion, increased appetite |
| Amitriptyline | Tertiary amine; blocks 5HT/NE reuptake, also muscarinic, H1, a1; USE = depression, migraine, ADHD, chronic pain, OCD; AE =sedation, orthostatic HoTN, conduction block, arrhythmias, dry mouth, confusion, increased appetite |
| Nortriptyline | Secondary amine; blocks 5HT/NE(primary) reuptake, also muscarinic, H1, a1; USE = depression, migraine, ADHD, chronic pain, OCD; AE =sedation, orthostatic HoTN, conduction block, arrhythmias, dry mouth, confusion, increased appetite |
| Fluoxetine | Block 5HT reuptake; USE = panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, depression; AE = headache, Gi upset, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome (w/ MAOIs) |
| Sertaline | Block 5HT reuptake (& some DA block); USE = panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, depression; AE = headache, Gi upset, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome (w/ MAOIs) |
| Venlafaxine | Block 5HT/NE reuptake; USE = panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, depression; AE = headache, Gi upset, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome (w/ MAOIs) |
| Duloxetine | Block 5HT/NE reuptake; USE = panic disorders, OCD, eating disorders, depression; AE = headache, Gi upset, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome (w/ MAOIs) |
| Trazodone | Inhibit 5HT/NE reuptake, 5HT2A antagonist; USE = antidepressant; AE = sedation, orthostatic HoTN, nausea, priapism |
| Bupropion | Inhibit DAT/NET, nicotinic antagonist; USE = antidepressent, smoking cessation; AE = dry mouth, nausea |
| Mirtazapine | alpha2 & 5HT2/3 antagonist; USE = antidepressant; AE = sedation, wt gain, increased appetite |
| Lithium | Inhibits IP3 metabolism; USE = bipolar (maintenance), schizoaffective disorder; AE = tremor, edema, nephrogenic DI, DI irritation, NVD, mental confusion, aphasia |
| Methylphenidate | Inhibits NE/DA/5HT reuptake; USE = narcolepsy, ADHD |
| D-amphetamine | Stimulates release of monoamine from vesicles via displacement & inhibits MAO (most active enantiomer); USE = ADHD; AE = insomnia, decreased appetite |
| Atomoxetine | NET inhibitor; USE = ADHD; AE = drowsiness, sexual dysfunction, suicidal tendencies |
| Naloxone/Naltrexone | Opiate antagonist; USE = opioid overdose (will elicit withdrawal) |
| Morphine | Opiate agonist @ mu receptor; USE = analgesic (not useful anesthetic) |
| Codeine | Opiate agonist; USE = analgesis (weak), cough suppressant |
| Heroin | Gets metabolized to morphine (effects similar to morphine) |
| Hydromorphone | More potent than morphine |
| Methadone | Equipotent to morphine; USE = analgesic, opioid addiction (ease withdrawal without producing 'high') |
| Meperidine | Opiate agonist (older); less potent & shorter duration than morphine |
| Oxycodone | Opiate agonist; USE = analgesic for mild pain (weak like codeine) |
| Fentanyl | Opiate agonist; USE = anesthetic/analgesic (skin patch) |
| Loperamide | USE = anti-diarrheal (does not enter CNS so no analgesia) |
| Buprenorphine | Partial opiate agonist; USE = treatment of opiate addiction (antagonizes heroin/morphine) |
| Dextromethophan | NMDA antagonist; USE = cough suppressant |
| Clonidine | Alpha2 agonist; USE = reduces withdrawal severity in opiate dependence |
| Cocaine | Blocks NET/DAT/SERT; USE = some minor surgeries (ophthalmogic); AE = cardiomegaly, nasal septum damage, inc BP & HR, euphoria, depression |
| THC | CB1/2 receptor agonist; USE = chemotherapy-induced emesis, glaucoma, pain relief; AE = tachycardia, euphoria, relaxation/sedation, dry mouth, hunger, amotivational syndrome; OTHER = 9-COOH is metabolite detected in urine (24hr) |
| LSD/mescaline | Partial agonist 5HT2; AE = dizziness, pupil dilation, burred vision, hallucinations, mood swings, aggressive (contrast to THC) |
| PCP/Ketamine | Non-competitive NMDA antagonist; AE = staggering gait, blank stare, catatonia, hypersalivation, sweating, memory deficitis, aggression |
| Hallucinogens | PCP, LSD, atropine, scopolamine, salvinorum A |
| Methotrexate | USE = antibiotic, DMARD; AE = anorexia, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, lymphomas |
| Leflunomide | Inhibits dyhyrdoorotate DH (lymph prolif); USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Etanercept | TNF-alpha antagonist (dimeric protein); USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Infliximab | TNF-alpha monoclonal Ab (Fc of human IgG + Fab of rat anti-TNF Ab); USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Abatacept | Reduces TNF-alpha; USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Rituximab | Anti-CD20 monoclonal Ab; USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Anakinra | IL-1 receptor antagonist; USE = DMARD; AE = allergic rxn's, serious infections, increase in malignancies |
| Aspirin | irreversible COX inhibitor; USE = analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antipyretic, dysmenorrhea; AE = risk of hemorrhage, ulcers, Reye syndrome, respiratory alkalosis (low), metabolic/rep acidosis (high); OTHER = deacetylated to salicylate |
| Indomethacin | Reversible COX inhibitor; USE = anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, close PDA; AE = GI bleed, ulcer, renal damage |
| Ibuprofen | Reversible COX inhibitor; USE = antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, no antiplatelet; AE = risk of hemorrhage, ulcers, renal damage/failure |
| Naproxen | Reversible COX inhibitor; USE = antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory; AE = risk of hemorrhage, ulcers, renal damage/failure |
| Acetaminophen | weak COX inhibitor; USE = antipyretic (varicella, flu), analgesic, anti-inflammatory; AE = risk of hemorrhage, ulcers, hepatotoxicity (due to NAPQ1 & loss of GSH), renal tubular necrosis |
| Celecoxib | COX-2 inhibitor; USE = analgesic (dental pain & osteoarthritis); AE = GI upset, interstitial nephritis (impaired renal development), thromboses |
| Allopurinol | Inhibits xanthine oxidase; USE = prevent further gouty attacks; AE = GI upset, hypersensitivity |
| Colchicine | Induces microtubular depolymerization (decreased leukocyte migration); USE = acute gout attack; AE = diarrhea, bone marrow suppression |
| Probenecid | Decreased uric acid reabsorption; USE = prevent further gouty attacks; AE =GI upset |
| Want to close a PDA? | NSAIDs |
| Chlorpromazine | D2, alpha & cholinergic antagonist; USE = 'positive' symptoms of schizophrenia, manic phave of bipolar; AE = orthostasis, hyperprolactinemia, sedation, parkinsonism, dystonias, akathisias, tardive dyskinesia (treat neuro with benztropine) |
| Haloperidol | D2 antagonist; USE = 'positive' symptoms of schizophrenia; AE = orthostasis, hyperprolactinemia, sedation, parkinsonism, dystonias, akathisias, tardive dyskinesia (treat neuro with benztropine) |
| Clozapine | D4>D2 antagonist, block 5HT2A; USE = schizoprenia; AE = agranulocytosis, mild extrapyramidal |
| Risperidone | D2 & 5HT2A antagonist; USE = 'negative' & 'positive' symptoms of schizophrenia, manic phave of bipolar; AE = hyperprolactinemia, extrapyramidal (@ high) |
| Olanzapine | D2=D4 antagonism, block 5HT2A; USE = schizophrenia, manic phase & depression of bipolar; AE = some extrapyramidal & some prolactin excess |
| Quetiapine | Blocks 5HT2A > D2, blocks H1; USE = schizophrenia, manic phave of bipolar; AE = modest elevation in prolactin & extrapyramidal |
| Ziprasidone | Blocks 5HT2A > D2, blocks H1; USE = schizophrenia, manic phave of bipolar; AE = modest elevation in prolactin & extrapyramidal |
| Aripiprazole | Partial agonist D2 & 5HT1A, antagonist at 5HT2A; USE = antipsychotic, manic phave of bipolar; AE = minimal |