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Biology Unit 5 Terms
WSHS - Biology Unit 5 Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell division | process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells |
| interphase | the longest phase; where the cell spends most of its life; where the cell grows and lives |
| metaphase | phase with double chromosomes that attach to the spindle by their centromere and move to the center of the cell |
| homologous | term used to refer to chromosomes that ech have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent |
| crossing over | process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis |
| mitosis | process of cell division; consists of 4 phases (phrophase/metaphase/anaphase/telophase and then cytokinesis |
| cell cycle | the process of growth and division of a cell |
| anaphase | the double chromosomes separate and move to the opposite ends of the cell or the sister chromosomes move to opposite ends |
| diploid | term uses to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes |
| cytokinesis | where the cell divides; process that happens in telophase |
| prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the nucleus |
| telophase | the spindle dissolves; two nucleus reform; chromatin form again; membrane pinches at the center of the cell |
| haploid | a cell that only only contains a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes |
| chromatid | thread like form of chromosomes (looks like a short, fat slinky) |
| centriole | they hold the tread like fibers together |
| cyclin | one of a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell cycle |
| meiosis | process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the spearation of homologous chromosomes in a diloid |
| centromere | hold the double chromosomes together |
| spindle | fanlike microtubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes during mitosis |
| cancer | uncontrolled cell division; mutated cell; causes tumors; a mass of cells that shouldn't be present |
| tetrad | a structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis |
Created by:
ktedder
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