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Lab values altered
Nclex
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Urine tests WBC's | present with infection & inflammation |
| total bilirubin | increase with hemolytic & pernicious anemia, eclampsia |
| White blood cells WBC | increase with infection, inflammation, stress, tssue necrosis |
| White blood cells | decrease with viral infections ,chemo, radiation,NSAID's |
| Albumin | increased with multimyeloma |
| Albumin | decreased with loss of plasma from burns and malnutrition |
| urine test casts | usually indicates renal/kidney damage ,infection or presence of kidney stones |
| amylase | increase in acute pancreatitis, mumps,carcinoma, of the pancreas |
| amylase | decrease with chronic pancreatitis,cirrhosis of the liver, acute alcoholism |
| urine test glucose | increase with diabetes or stress |
| Activated Partial thromboplastin time 20-45 SEC (APTT OR ATT) | Need to monitor f no heparin |
| Sodium NA 135- 145 | increase with hemoconcentration nephritis |
| Sodium NA 135-145 | decrease with Addison disease, myxedema |
| Chloride 95-105 | increase with nephritis, urinary obstruction anemia |
| Chloride 95-105 | decrease with diabetes, burns and vomiting |
| urine tests ketones | diabetes with elevated blood glucose levels |
| Creatnine phosphoKinase (CPK or CK) | Male 50-325 Females 50-250 Increase with MI, IM injections, delirium tremors |
| urine tests RBC's | present with kidney stones, infection, inflammation |
| INR, International normalizing ratio | need to monitor if on coumadin,when it is higher |
| urine tests protein | increase with renal/kidney damage, dehydration,strenous exercise,fever |
| Lactic dehydrogenase | 100- 225 |
| urine tests bilirubin | positive with liver disorders |
| platelet count 200,000 - 300,000 | increase with chronic granulocytic anemia |
| platelet count 200,000 - 300,000 | decrease with thrombocytopenia, purpura, during chemotherapy |
| lipoprotein total plasma cholesterol | desired < 200 borderline 200 - 239 high 240 |
| Creatinine | increase with nephritis and chronic renal disease |
| Hematocrit HCT | increase with dehydration hemoconcentration r/t shock |
| Hematocrit HCT | decrease wth anemias+ pregnancy,blood loss |
| partial thromboplastin time, PTT ,PT | need to monitor if on coumadin, when it will be higher |
| Cholesterol | Increase with dabetes,lipemia,jaundice |
| Cholesterol | decrease with pernicious anemia, infections, hyperthyroidism |
| Carcinoembryonic antigen | increas wth cancer of colon, rectum, pancreas and stomach |
| Erythrocite sedmentation rate, ESR, sed rate | Males 0-9 females 0-20 increase with tisue destruction, pregnancy |
| Blood urea nitrogen BUN | increase with dehydration |
| Blood urea nitrogen BUN | decrease wth fluid excess, pregnancy |
| Magnesium MG | increase with the ingestion of epsom salt |
| Magnesium MG | decrease with chronic alcoholism,severe renal disease |
| low density lipoproteins LDL | desired 130 borderline 130 - 159 high 160 |
| lactc dehydrogenase | Increase with untreated anemia, MI, pulmonary infarction,liver disease |
| CA Calcium | increase with tumor or hyperplasia of parathyroid,multiplemyeloma |
| CA Calcium | decrease with diarrhea, malnutrition |
| Hemoglobin Hgb males 13-16 females 12-14 | increase with polycythemia, COPD, O2 loss because of CHF , live in altitudes |
| Hemoglobin Hgb males 13-16 females 12-14 | decrease with anemias excess fluid, hemmorhage |
| High density lipoprotein HDL cholesterol | desired >35 |
| Glucose- fasting 60-110 2hrs post prandial 65-140 | increase with diabetes,nepritis,infections,pregnancy,uremia |
| Glucose- fasting 60-110 2hrs post prandial 65-140 | decrease with vomiting Addisons disease,hepatic damage |
| creatinine clearance | 100-150 of blood cleared of creatinine/mn decrease with kidney disease |
| potassium K+ 3.5-5.0 | increase with Addison disease,oliguria,anuria,hemolysis |
| potassium K+ 3.5-5.0 | decrease with diarrhea,vomiting |
| leukocyte count 5,000-10,000 | increase with acute infectiion,acute leukemia, surgery, trauma |
| leukocyte count 5,000-10,000 | decreasew with aplastic anemia, toxic agents, chemotherapy |
| prealbumin < 10 severe malnutrtion 10-17 moderate malnutrtion > 17 no risk for malnutrtion | short half life so more respnsive indicator of malnutrtion than albumin |
| prostate specific antigen | increase with age in response to prostate cancer or prostate hypertrophy |
| total protein 6.0-8.0 | increase with hemoconcentration shock |
| total protein 6.0-8.0 | decrease with malnutrtion,hemmorhage,plasma loss from burns |
| Red blood cells RBC 4.2-5.4 | increase with hypoxia,dehydration,polycythema |
| Red blood cells RBC 4.2-5.4 | decrease with recent bleeding,kidney problems,illness |
Created by:
tko27girl
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