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Ch. 5-1
Pages 157-164
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DARWIN'S OBSERVATIONS | Surprised by the variety of living things he saw on voyage |
| Observations | Observed lots of diversity of organisms on Galapagos Islands |
| Species | A group of similar organisms whose members can mate with one another and produce fertile offspring |
| SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERNCES | -Lots of Galap. organisms were similar to South Am. mainland organisms -Darwin thought Galap. animals and plants came from South Am. mainland |
| Similarities | Dar. noticed many differences w/ similar organisms as he traveled from each Galap. island |
| ADAPTATIONS | A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce |
| Finch Beaks | Finches that eat: Insects-Small and Needlike beaks to dig out insects Seeds-Wide and Strong beaks to break the seeds |
| EVOLUTION | The gradual change in a species over time |
| Scientific Theory | A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations |
| Galapagos Evolution | -Darwin thought Galap. organisms gradually changed over many gener. -Also believed that evolution occured on Galap. Islands |
| NATURAL SELECTION | The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species |
| "The Origin of Species" | <-- Darwin's book explained that evolution occured because of natural selection |
| Survival of the Fittest | Individuals with variations become better adapted to enviro. will survive |
| Kinds of Natural Selection | OVERPRODUCTION- Species produce more offspring than can survive COMPETITION- Caused by limited food & other resources VARIATIONS- Differences between individuals of the same species |
| THE ROLES OF GENES IN EVOLUTION | Only traits that are controlled by genes can be acted upon by natural selection |
| Darwin's Knowledge | Darwin didn't know alot about genes and mutations |
| EVOLUTION IN ACTION | Evolution by natual selection can occur in as short of a time period as one year |
| Galapagos Islands Drought of 1977 | During drought, only Galap. finches with larger and stronger beaks were able to survive better |
| HOW DO NEW SPECIES FORM? | When a group of individuals remain separated from rest of species long enough to develop new traits |
| How Can a Group Be Separated From Its Species? | -Continental Drift -Get Lost -River, Volcano, Mountain Range (Phys. Feat.) -Ocean Wave |
| CONTINENTAL DRIFT | The very slow motion of the continents. (Pangea gradually split apart) |
| What Happened to Plant and Animal Species Durign Cont. Drift? | Species got separated from each other and evovled separately/independently |
Created by:
Avery R.
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