Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IB HL Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A proposed explanation for an observable phenomenon. | Hypothesis |
| Techniques for investigating phenomena or acquiring new knowledge. | Scientific Method |
| A variable that stands alone and isn't changed by other variables. | Independent Variable |
| Responds to independent variable, what you measure in the experiment. | Dependent Variable |
| Influences that could affect the outcome of an experiment. | Controlled Variables |
| Based on some quality or characteristic. | Qualitative |
| Information based on quantities of measuring. | Quantitative |
| Data collected on source which has not been subject to processing. | Raw Data |
| The change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through succession. | Evolution |
| A fundamental change in power or organizational structures. | Revolution |
| An impartial unbiased attitude. | Objectivity |
| A view that experience of the senses is the only source of knowledge. | Empiricism |
| A view that regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge. | Rationalism |
| Used to denote any questioning attitude or some degree of doubt regarding claims. | Skepticism |
| A reference to a published or unpublished source. | Citation |
| A method of making decisions using experimental data. | Hypothesis test |
| The criteria used for rejecting the Null Hypothesis | Significance Level |
| A test used for frequencies that requires a random sample. | Chi Squared Test |
| Test 1: Hypothesis expect a change in 1 way 2: <, > or don't know. | One and Two Tailed Test |
| Test of closeness to frequency. | Goodness of Fit |
| Test for a difference between 2 means. | Two Sample Test |
| Test with Scatter graph- looking for trends. | Spearman Test |
| Test that compares medians random samples of separate data. | Wilson Signed Ranks Test |
| The contraction of the heart muscle of the left and right atria. | Systole |
| The period of time when the heart fills with blood. | Diastole |
| Section of blood vessel with wider lumen and thicker, more muscular wall. | Pumping Chamber |
| The power pump of the heart. | Ventricle |
| Returning blood to the heart at a lower pressure. | Atrium |
| Red blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart. | Arteries |
| Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. | Veins |
| Carry blood from the heart to the lungs; only artery that carries from heart to lungs. | Pulmonary Artery |
| A large blood vessel of the circulatory system that carries blood from lungs to heart. | Pulmonary Vein |
| Back half of the body. | Dorsal |
| Front half of the body. | Ventral |
| Between left atrium and ventricle, blood flow one way. | Bicuspid Valve |
| Between right atrium and ventricle. | Tricuspid Valve |
| Largest artery in body, from left ventricle to the abdomen. | Aorta |
| One of 2 blood vessels that branch from aorta, and carry oxygenated blood to heart muscle. | Coronary Artery |
| A wall dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones. | Septum |
| Small device placed in chest or abdomen to control abnormal heart rhythms. | Pacemaker |
| Smallest of a bodies blood vessels that are part of the micro circulation. | Capillaries |
| Yellow colored component of blood in which blood cells are suspended. | Plasma |
| Produced in bone marrow, irregularly shaped, colorless bodies present in blood. | Platelets |
| White blood cells. | Leucocytes |
| One who eats other things. | Phagocytes |
| Lymph nodes, immune response. | Lymphocytes |
| Heart attack. | Myocardial Infarction |
| Keeping conditions inside the organism within tolerable limits. | Homeostasis |
| A membrane bound organelle found in protists that eliminates extra fluid. | Contractile Vacuole |
| Unicellular Protozoa found in oxygenated aquatic environments. | Paramecium |
| A grid of intersecting lines. | Graticule |
| The set of chemical reactions that happen in a living organism to maintain life. | Metabolism |
| The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. | Differentiation |
| The process by which information from a gene is used in synthesis. | Gene Expression |
| The ability to renew in miotic cell division. | Stem Cells |
| The rise of a system that can't be predicted or explained from antecedent conditions. | Emergent Properties |
| An organism that makes organic food molecules. | Producer |
| An organism that obtains its food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants. | Consumer |
| An organism that derives its energy from organic wastes and dead organisms. | Decomposer |
| An organism without a nucleus. | Prokaryote |
| An organism with a nucleus. | Eukaryote |
| The branch of biology concerned with identifying, naming and classifying species. | Taxonomy |
| The father of microscopy. | Leevwenhock |
| Theory that all living things are cells and all cells come from other cells. | Cell Theory |
| Biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. | Cell Membrane |
| What the cell membrane is made out of. | Phospholipidbilayer |
| Semi-fluid medium to support organelles. | Cytoplasm |
| A structure with specialized function in cells. | Organelles |
| A cell organelle; makes proteins. | Ribosome |
| Synthesize lipids and steroids, metabolize carbohydrates and steroids, and regulate calcium concentration, drug detoxification, and attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins. | Smooth ER |
| Synthesizes Proteins. | Rough ER |
| Distribution and shipping department for the cell's chemical products. | Golgi Apparatus |
| Where cellular respiration occurs. | Mitochondria |
| Energy | ATP |
| Contains hydrolytic enzymes that digest cell food/waste. | Lysosomes |
| Membrane covered sacs in the Golgi Apparatus. | Cisternae |
| Forms the basis or structure/movement of cilia/flagella. | Microtubules |
| Little 'legs' an organism uses to move. | Cilia or Flagella |
| Atoms central core. | Nucleus |
| Protective external layer found only in plant cells. | Cell Wall |
| Membrane enclosed sac. | Vacuoles |
| Found in Chloroplast. | Plastids |
| Darwin's process to explain population change. | Natural Selection |
| Small changes in population. | Variation |
| Change over time. | Evolution |
| Island where Darwin studied. | Galapagos |
| Ship that carried Darwin. | HMS Beagle |
| Darwin's first studies. | Finches and Beatles |
| All available genes in a population. | Gene Pool |
| Alternate form of a gene. | Allele |
| How often a gene occurs. | Allele Frequency |
| Small changes over time (antibiotic resistance) | Microevolution |
| Cell division of basic body cells. | Mitosis |
| Every cell in your body except sperm and egg. | Somatic |
| Division of sex cells. | Meioses |
| Sex cells only. | Gamete |
| Whole strand of DNA. | Chromosome |
| Middle of a chromosome. | Centromere |
| Each half of a chromosome. | Sister Chromatid |
| Where cells pinch in during cytokineses. | Cleavage |
| Where a cell loses ability to feel nearby cells. | Tumor/Cancer |
| Only allows certain things to enter. | Selectively Permeable |
| Less in the water. | Hypotonic |
| Equal concentration in water. | Isotonic |
| More concentration in the water. | Hypertonic |
| Differences in concentration on both sides of the membrane. | Concentration Gradient |
| Getting things into the cell. | Endocytosis |
| Getting things out of the cell. | Exocytosis |
| Water moving into a cell. | Pinocytosis |
| Large proteins moving into a cell. | Phagocytosis |
| Membrane bound sac. | Vesicle |
| Popping of the cell. | Plasmolysis |
| Free facilitated movement within a cell. | Passive Transport |
| Needs energy to move into a cell. | Active Transport |
| Space in the chloroplast. | Stroma |
| Disk in the chloroplast. | Thylakoid |
| Stack of disks in the chloroplast. | Grana |
| Main organelle in PSN. | Chloroplast |
| Also known as the Citric Acid Cycle; animal getting energy from carbon bonds. | Krebs Cycle |
| Where ATP is made in animals. | Electron Transport Chain |
| Folds in the mitochondria where CR occurs. | Cristae |
| Powerhouse organelle. | Mitochondria |
| Leads to fermentation; without oxygen. | Anaerobic |
| With oxygen. | Aerobic |
| Occurs without oxygen. | Fermentation |
| Bonds carbon together to create energy in plants. | Calvin Cycle |
| True Bacteria. | Eubacteria |
| Obtain their carbon from organic compounds. | Heterotroph |
| Spherical prokaryotic cells. | Coccus |
| Rod shaped prokaryotes. | Bacillus |
| Helical prokaryotes, short and rigid. | Spirillum |
| A gathering of bacteria. | Colony |
| A mini glue of sugars cross linked by short peptides. | Peptidoglycan |
| A small circular DNA molecule separate from bacterial chromosomes. | Plasmid |
| Changes the rate of chemical reactions. | Enzymes |
| Kills bacteria. | Antibiotic |
| Disease causing organism. | Pathogenic |
| Using heat to kill bacteria. | Pasteurization |
| Serious paralytic illness caused by binary fission; when bacteria grows until it splits into two identical cells. | Botulism |
| Terrorism using biologic agents. | Bioterrorism |
| Protective layer around a cell. | Capsule |
| A union of cells and DNA transfer. | Conjugation |
| A technique scientists use to identify bacteria. | Gram stain |
| Movement in water from an area of high to low concentration. | Osmosis |
| Pumps water from a cell. | Contractile Vacuole |
| Animal like protist. | Protozoa |
| Plant like protist. | Algae |
| Fungus/bacteria like protist. | Slime mold |
| Moving with false feet. | Pseudopodia |
| Has no cell wall and moves with Pseudopodia. | Amoeba |
| Reproductive cells formed without fertilization. | Spores |
| Illness caused by a parasite, creates fever. | Malaria |
| A fungus that grows on a root. | Mycorrhizae |
| Root like woven mass. | Chitin |
| Odd, flagella spore. | Chytridiomycota |
| Common bread mold. | Zygomycota |
| Sends out horizontal shoots. | Rhizopus |
| Shape of a sac. | Ascomycota |
| Shape of a bat; umbrella. | Basidiomycota |
| 1/2 fungi, 1/2 cyanobacteria/plant. | Lichen |
| Grows at plant tips, hard chitin wall, stringy makes up a whole fungi. | Hyphae |
| A species role in a community, total use of biotic/abiotic resources. | Niche |
| A species that exerts strong control on community structure because of ecological role/niche. | Key Stone Species |
| Involving the transfer of materials within the ecosystem. | Chemical Cycling |
| Living weight. | Biomass |
| Shows the flow of energy from producers to consumers. | Production pyramid |
| Variety that makes up a community. | Biodiversity |
| 4th property with community , determines passage energy and nutrients from plants to animals. | Trophic Level |
| Interaction between 2 or more species that live together in direct contact. | Symbiotic |
| Benefits both partners in the relationship. | Mutualistic |
| 1 partner benefits without significantly affecting the other. | Commensalistic |
| Parasite lives on host and obtains nourishment from the host. | Paratism |
| Father of genetics. | Mendel |
| Law that says when making gametes only 1/2 will transfer. | Law of segregation |
| Law that states 1/2 of an assortment will be random. | Law of independent assortment |
| What we see. | Phenotype |
| Letters, genes. | Genotype |
| A subatomic particle with a positive electric charge, found in nucleus of an atom. Is the atomic number, and defines the type of element the atom forms. | Protons |
| A subatomic particle with a no electric charge and a slightly greater mass of a proton, found in nucleus of an atom. Is the neutron number and determines the isotope of an element. | Neutrons |
| A subatomic particle with a negative electric charge, circles the nucleus. | Electrons |
| Bond that will share electrons. | Covalent |
| Bond that will only steal electrons. | Ionic |
| Number of protons are set, number of neutrons are flexible. | Isotope |
| A chemical compound that dissolves in solution, releasing hydrogen ions and lowering the solution pH (a proton donor) | Acid |
| Substance that can accept hydrogen ions or more generally, donate electron pairs. | Base |
| Proteins embedded in the cell membrane that regulates the flow of water. They are "the plumbing system for cells." | Aquaporins |
| Measure of the osmotic pressure. | Tonicity |
| Weak, lax and soft. | Flaccid |
| Rigid or fullness state of a cell due to high water content. | Turgid |
| Grows from the poles of the cell from microtubule organizing center to the chromosomes. | Microtubules |
| Took pictures of DNA using X-ray crystallography, partners with Wilkins. | Rosalind Franklin |
| Two American scientists credited with the discovery of DNA. | Watson and Crick |
| Partner with Rosalind Franklin in finding DNA. | Wilkins |
| Designates the end of DNA or RNA strand, the fifth carbon in the sugar ring. | 5 Prime End |
| Designates the beginning of DNA or RNA strand, terminates at the end of a hydroxyl group of 3 carbon. | 3 Prime End |
| G-C bond has 3 H, T-A has 2 H. | Hydrogen Bond |
| A group of 8 histone proteins arranged to form an octomer. | Nucleosome |
| A structure that forms in the nucleus during DNA replication. | Replication Fork |
| Proteins associated with DNA in eukaryotes, involved in the control of gene transcription. | Histones |
| Chunks of missing bases in DNA. | Okazaki Fragments |
| Primer that starts each strand of DNA and fills in the bases. | RNA Primase |
| DNA must be synthesized in a continuous fashion. | Leading Strand |
| DNA must be synthesized in fragments. | Lagging Strand |
| Repairs single stranded discontinuities in double stranded DNA molecules. | DNA Ligase |
| The process of creating a complimentary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. | Transcription |
| The 3rd stage of protein biosynthesis in process of gene expression. | Translation |
| An enzyme that produces RNA. | RNA Polymerase. |
| A region of DNA that facilitates the transcription of a particular gene. | Promoter |
| Pyrimidine base that replaces thymine. | Uracil |
| A stop codon of a nucleotide triplet within a series of DNA creating compounds. | Stop Code |
| Messenger RNA, Transfer RNA, Ribosomal RNA. | mRNA, tRNA, rRNA |
| Food/item an organism wants to digest. | Substrate |
| An enzyme has a specific matched pair enzyme. | Enzyme-Substrate Specificity |
| Located on an enzyme, where it reacts with a substrate. | Active Site |
| A perfect substrate/enzyme fit. | Lock and Key Model |
| Changing the Alpha, Beta or Tertiary shape of a protein using acid, heat or salt. | Denaturizing |
| Enzymes that speed up a reaction. | Catalyst |
| The amount of energy needed to start a reaction. | Activation Energy |
| Enzymes change shape or size based on external factors to fit a substrate. | Induced Fit Model |
| Prevents a reaction from occurring. | Inhibitor |
| Both substrates trying to hit one site at the same time. | Competitive Inhibition |
| Attacking an enzyme from another side. "Move the Basket", the other substrate has no chance. | Non-Competitive Inhibition |
| How fast you break things down. | Metabolism |
| An enzyme that binds to a substrate at a different location. | Allosteric Interactions |
| Reinforces and continues something that is already happening. | Positive Feedback Loop |
| Changes the direction and balances any continuing reaction. | Negative Feedback Loop |
| A scientific view that states that children more commonly resemble their grandparents. | Aristotle's View of Inheritance |
| An idea that characteristics were mixed in each generation. (Dark x Light= Medium) | Blending Theory |
| A theory that opposes Blending Theory | Particulate Inheritance |
| Working subunits of DNA as a unit of heredity in a living organism. | Genes |
| Mendelian ratios of dominant or recessive. | 3:1, 9:3, 3:1 |
| The sticky part of a flower's carpal that traps pollen grains. | Stigma |
| Angiosperm pollen sac of stamen pollen grains where sperm forms. | Anther |
| A nucleus with only one chromosome of each type. | Haploid |
| A nucleus with two chromosomes of each type. | Diploid |
| Square used to calculate probability. | Punnett |
| The characteristics of an organism. | Phenotype |
| The alleles of an organism. | Genotype |
| Having two identical alleles of a gene. | Homozygous dominant/recessive |
| Having two different alleles of a gene. | Heterozygous dominant/recessive |
| A cell with only one copy of a chromosome. | Monosomy |
| 3 copies of a chromosome in a diploid cell. | Trisomy |
| Testing a suspected heterozygote by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive. | Test Cross |
| Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when in a heterozygote. | Co-dominance |
| Necessary to know before transfusions to keep red blood cells from coagulating. | ABO Blood Type |
| A protein with one or more carbohydrates covalently attached to it. | Glycoprotein |
| Certain areas in the world have higher concentrations of certain blood types. | ABO Blood Distribution |
| Two or more genes affecting the same character. | Multiple Alleles/Polygenic |
| The ability of a single gene to have multiple affects. | Pleiotrophy |
| A change to the base sequence of a gene. | Gene Mutation |
| Takes place when the number of chromosomes is changed or structural changes take place in a chromosome. | Chromosome Mutation |
| An individual that has one copy of a recessive allele that causes a genetic disease in individuals homozygous for that allele. | Carriers |
| Most common genetic disease in which the body is unable to develop red blood cells. | Sickle Cell Anemia |
| Differences in genotype and phenotype ratios between male and females. | Sex Linked |
| X and Y chromosomes transferred during fertilization to determine gender. | Human Gender |
| A person's blood does not clop properly due to the absence of a protein. | Hemophilia |
| The particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene. | Loci |
| The whole of the genetic information of an organism. | Genome |
| The patterns of inheritance. | Gene Linkage and Chromosome Matching |
| An individual that has a different combo of characters from either of the original parents. | Recombinant |
| Using technology and biologic knowledge to increase our knowledge. | Biotechnology |
| Independent project intended to map all relations within people. | Human Genome Project |
| A healthcare business that uses knowledge of human variability to provide new tests and services to personalize disease management. | Celera Genomics |
| Non-coding sequences believed to be an artifact of evolution. | Junk DNA |
| A technique used to test for the presence of certain DNA sequences. | Microarray |
| An agent that binds directly to a predefined sequence of nucleic acids. | DNA Probes |
| Human insulin manufactured by genetic engineering. | Plasmid |
| Using DNA to create desirable traits in living things. | Genetic Engineering |
| Enzymes that cut DNA in different places. | Restriction Endonuclease Enzymes |
| A genetically modified organism. | GMO |
| Used by bacteria to defend against viral infections. | Restriction Enzymes |
| Plasmid Vector | |
| A technique used to 'amplify' small quantities of DNA. | Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| Primes the nucleic acid template for the attachment of the polymerase. | PCR Primer |
| Making multiple identical copies (replicates) of a DNA sequence. | Amplification of DNA |
| A profile of samples of a specific sample of someone's DNA. | DNA Profiling |
| Separating charged molecules in an electric field. | Gel Electrophoresis |
| Same as twins, two organisms with the same DNA and genetic uses. | Cloning Process |
| Cells harvested from the spine used to heal other cells. | Stem Cells |
| The idea that cells are the basic unit of structure in every living thing. | Cell Theory |
| Stable internal conditions, living space, food, water. | 4 Requirements for life to start on Earth. |
| Formed by the action of living things and/or have a carbon backbone. | Simple Organic Molecules |
| An experiment that simulated hypothetical conditions thought at the time to be present on early earth. | Miller and Urey experiment |
| A molecule that may react chemically to another molecule of the same type to form a larger molecule. | Monomer |
| Made from monomers linked by chemical bonds in polymerization. | Polymer |
| Individual probiotic species that us useful for one form of life or another. | Probiont |
| An RNA molecule possessing a well defined tertiary structure that is used to catalyze a chemical reaction. | Ribozyme |
| The process by which prokaryotes gave rise to the first eukaryotic cells. | Endosymbiosis |
| The ability to appear in many forms. | Polymorphism |
| One or two more forms of a gene. | Alleles |
| Change in number of allele frequency over time. | Evolution |
| States that both alleles and genotype frequency in population remain constant until disturbing influences occur. | Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium |
| The evolutionary process by which new biological species arise. | Speciation |
| Speciation by genetic isolation. | Allopatric Speciation |
| New species evolve from a single ancestor while in the same geography. | Sympatric Speciation |
| Cells and organisms containing more than two homologous sets of chromosomes. | Polyploidy |
| Evolution of an animal or plant group into a wide variety of types. | Adaptive Radiation |
| Two species evolving similarly. | Convergent Evolution |
| One species evolving into two. | Divergent Evolution |
| Evolves in short bursts and changes over time. | Punctuated Equilibrium |
| The belief in advancing to a goal by gradual stages. | Gradualism |
| Evolutionary development and history of a species or higher taxonomic group of organisms. | Phylogeny |
| Classification of species. | Taxonomy |
| The study of structure of organisms and their specific structural features. | Morphology |
| Having the same relative position and structure. | Homologous Organisms/Structures |
| Structures comparable in certain respects. | Analogous Organisms/Structures |
| Shows ancestral relations v showing evolutionary relationships. | Cladogram v Phylogenetic Tree |
| Fossils, chromosome counts, viral DNA, psuedogenes, and race circles. | 5 Biochemical Evidences of Evolution |
| In Europe and parts of Asia, a subspecies of modern humans. | Neanderthals |
| 'Handy man' Short with long arms, 3.2-1.4 million years ago. | Homo Habilis |
| 'Wise man' 200000 or 500000 years ago, highly developed brain. | Homo Sapiens |
| 'Set Upright' 1.8-3.1 million years ago in Africa and China. | Homo Erectus |
| 'Slender Build' from Africa. | Homo Africanas |
| 3.9-2.9 million years ago, with a slender build. | Australopithecus Afarensis |
| A pure substance made of one kind of atom. | Element |
| The building block elements of life. | C-Carbon, H-Hydrogen, O-Oxygen, N-Nitrogen |
| This describes how equally bonded electrons are bonded between atoms. | Polarity |
| A type of inter molecular force that forms when a hydrogen in 1 polar covalent molecule is attracted to a slightly negative atom. | Hydrogen Bond |
| Pertaining to or characterized by heat. | Thermal |
| The binding together of 2 molecules of the same type. (Ex. Water & Water) | Cohesive |
| The dissolving agent of a solution. Water is the 'Universal ________' | Solvent |
| Water provides a wide variety of metabolic reactions and chemical transportation. It is referred to as a ....? | Medium |
| A chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. | Electronegativity |
| The energy required to remove an electron from the species to a practically infinite distance. | Ionization Energy |
| A measure of the size of an element's atoms; usually the distance from the nucleus to the electron boundary. | Atomic Radii |
| A branch of chemistry that deals with the relative quantities of reactions and products in chemical reactions. | Stoichiometry |
| A large molecule of repeating structural units. | Polymer |
| A loosely bound cofactor- a non protein chemical compound that is bound to a protein required for the protein's biological activity. | Coenzyme |
| Alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, ether, carboxyl, amide, amine, amino acid, ester, thiol. | Functional Groups |
| Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane | Homologous Series of Alkalanes |
| Any member of a class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. | Organic |
| Any member of a class of chemical compounds whose molecules do not contain carbon. | Inorganic Compound |
| Molecules containing an amine group, a carboxlyic group and a side chain that varies with different amino acids. | Amino Acid |
| A simple sugar (monosaccharide), major source of energy in cells, most common. | Glucose |
| Building Blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids. | Ribose |
| A carboxylic acid with a long unbranched tail saturated or unsaturated. | Fatty Acid |
| The most basic unit of biologically important carbohydrates. | Monosaccharide |
| Two monosaccharides chemically bonded. | Disaccharide |
| Many monosaccharides chemically bonded. | Polysaccharide |
| A sugar less sweet than glucose that fights bacteria, arthritis, colon cancer and lupus. | Galactose |
| Fruit sugar, it along with glucose and galactose is absorbed straight into the blood stream. | Fructose |
| A 'malt sugar' the least common sugar found in nature used in brewing beer. | Maltose |
| Sugar formed by glucose and galactose, found mostly in milk. | Lactose |
| An organic compound used as table sugar made up of glucose and fructose. | Sucrose |
| A carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units bonded together by glycosidic bonds. | Starch |
| A molecule that is secondary long term energy in animal and fungal cells. | Glycogen |
| A plant sugar not digestible by humans. | Cellulose |
| Adding or removing a hydrogen to bond. | Condensation/Dehydration Synthesis |
| Reaction with water. Decomposition of a chemical compound by a reaction with water. | Hydrolysis |
| Colorless odorless viscous solution used as the central backbone to all lipids. | Glycerol |
| An ester made of a glycerol and 3 fatty acids. The most common type of fat in the blood. | Triglycerides |
| A peptide (such as a small protein) with many molecules of amino acids. | Polypeptides |
| Fats, waxes and steroids. Hydrophobic. | Lipid |
| Main source of energy for your body. Sugar | Carbohydrates |
| Compounds of one or more polypeptides. | Protein |
| Building blocks of living organisms. | Nucleic Acid |
| 2 long polymers of nucleotides with backbones of sugar and phosphate groups. | DNA |
| Molecules that when joined make up RNA and DNA | Nucleotide |
| Building block of backbone chains in nucleic acids. | Deoxyribose |
| A set of 5 of these make up the construction of nucleotides. | Nitrogen Base |
| An essential mineral on the backbone of DNA. | Phosphate |
| A purine derivative in RNA and DNA that also helps with cellular respiration. | Adenine |
| A purine base found in DNA and RNA. | Guanine |
| A pyrimidine base found in DNA and RNA. | Cytosine |
| A pyrimidine found only in DNA. | Thymine |
| A bond that shares electrons. | Covalent bond |
| The opposite side of a strand of DNA that is the other side, it is _________. | Complementary |
| A chemical bond in which the hydrogen attaches to one atom. | Hydrogen Bond |
| 'Twisted ladder' shape of DNA | Double Helix |
| Closes nicks in the phosphate backbone of DNA. | Ligase |
| An enzyme that catalyzes the formation and repair of DNA. | Polymerase |
| Short molecules of single stranded DNA on the lagging strand during replication. | Okazaki Fragments |
Created by:
100000535182782
Popular Biology sets